ICU与非ICU患者中心静脉导管感染调查  

Investigation of central venous catheter-related in ICU and non-ICU patients

作　　者：魏立娜[1] 陈兵[1] 张清照[1] 杨莉莉[2] 王冬芮[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院ICU,天津300384 [2]天津医科大学临床医学院护理系,天津300384 [3]天津医科大学总医院神经外科,天津300384

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第4期788-790,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：天津市卫生局科技基金资助项目(2013KZ101)

摘　　要：目的比较ICU与非ICU住院患者中心静脉导管感染的状况,提出预防对策,以降低患者中心静脉导管感染率。方法选择2010年1月-2015年6月在医院ICU和非ICU行中心静脉导管的患者各200例,对疑有中心静脉导管感染的患者进行血液及中心静脉导管尖端培养,比较ICU和非ICU患者的中心静脉导管感染率、置管部位、置管类型及病原菌分布。结果 ICU和非ICU患者血液、中心静脉导管培养阳性率及导管细菌定植率比较差异均无统计学意义;普通导管和血液透析导管的感染率较高,分别为12.66%和6.67%,抗感染导管感染率为11.11%明显较低;颈内静脉置管患者中心静脉导管感染率较高为38.46%;ICU与非ICU患者病原菌检出分布差异无统计学意义;ICU与非ICU患者留置中心静脉导管1~7d的感染率〈9.00%,8~14d感染率为22.00%,≥15d感染率为35.00%,ICU与非ICU患者的置管时间比较差异无统计学意义。结论 ICU与非ICU患者的中心静脉导管感染发病情况基本相同：抗感染导管的感染率较低,颈内静脉置管的感染率较高,病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主。OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalence of central venous catheter-related infections in the hospitalized ICU and non-ICU patients and put forward the prevention countermeasures so as to reduce the incidence of central venous catheter-related infections.METHODS A total of 200 ICU patients and 200non-ICU patients who underwent the central venous catheterization from Jan 2010 to Jun 2015 were enrolled in the study.The blood specimens and tips of central venous catheters were cultured for the patients with suspected central venous catheter-related infections;the incidence of central venous catheter-related infections,sites of intubation,types of catheters,and distribution of pathogens were observed and compared between the ICU patients and the non-ICU patients.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the positive rate of culture of blood specimens,central venous catheters,or rate of bacterial colonization between the ICU patients and the non-ICU patients.The incidence rates of the common catheter-related infections and hemodialysis catheter-related infections were 12.66% and 6.67%,respectively;the incidence of the anti-infection catheter-related infections was 11.11%;the incidence of central venous catheter-related infections was 38.46% in the patients undergoing internal jugular venous catheterization.There was no significant difference in the distribution of pathogens between the ICU patients and the non-ICU patients.The incidence of central venous catheter-related infections was less than 9.00% in the ICU and non-ICU patients who were treated with catheterization for 1-7days,22.0%in the patients who were treated with catheterization for 8-14 days,35.00%in the patients who were treated with catheterization for no less than 15 days,and there was no significant difference in the intubation time between the ICU patients and the non-ICU patients.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of the central venous catheter-related infections is basically the same in the ICU patients as in the non-ICU patients;the incidence of the anti-inf

关 键 词：重症监护病房 普通病房 中心静脉导管 感染 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]