有机结合氚内污染对输血质量与健康影响的剂量研究  

Study of the Distribution and Its Organ Doses of Tritiated Thymidine in Mice

作　　者：杨晶[1] 郭丽[1] 徐军[1] 杨淑琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市中心血站,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《中国血液流变学杂志》2015年第2期123-127,138,共6页Chinese Journal of Hemorheology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81372922）

摘　　要：目的探讨有机结合氚内污染在生物体内的分布规律及其吸收剂量，为评价密切接触氚的献血者的血液质量和健康提供基础资料。方法氚标记胸腺嘧啶核苷（3H-TdR）经动物尾静脉注入，应用均相液体闪烁示踪技术，测量不同时间各组织器官的放射性活度，估算其吸收剂量，并导出各器官吸收剂量转换因子。结果进入血液的3H-TdR可迅速分布于各组织器官，注后0．5～1d内器官吸收达高峰，然后迅速排除，各组织器官3H-TdR滞留曲线的回归方程为指数函数方程。注后1d，按单位组织器官质量的放射性活度（MBq／g）计，3H-TdR主要分布于脾脏、胸腺、股骨、肝脏和小肠；吸收剂量较大的组织器官为外周血、肾脏、肝脏、肺、睾丸、脑和心脏。注后16d，3H-TdR在各组织器官的滞留量均较低，而累积吸收剂量则增高，脾脏和胸腺的累积吸收剂量远大于其它组织器官，分别为9．9和813mGy。吸收剂量转换因子（Gy·Bq^-1·g）随时间延长不断增大。结论3H—TdR内污染早期外周血放射性活度和吸收剂量最大，随时间的延长脾脏和胸腺的吸收剂量达高峰，表明外周血和免疫器官是3H-TdR内污染作用的主要组织器官，为进一步研究其对献血者血液质量和健康的影响奠定了基础。Objective To explore the distribution and radiation doses of organically bound tritium （OBT） on the organisms and to provide the experimental data for the blood quality and health of the blood donors who have the close contact with tritium. Methods Biological kinetics of 3H-TdR were measured using a liquid scintillation counter after 3H-TdR injection into the mice, and the absorbed doses and dose conversion factors of the organs in the mice were estimated. Results The 3H-TdR was rapidly distributed to organs and reached to peak on day 0.5 to 1 after injection of 3H-TdR into the mice. Then it was cleaned from these organs quickly. The regression equations of 3H-TdR residence curve of the tissues and organs were exponential function equations. According to radioactivity of tissue and organ mass per gram （MBq/g）, 3H-TdR was mostly distributed to spleen, thymus, femur, liver and small intestine 1 day after injection. The higher absorbed doses of 3H-TdR were blood, kidney, liver, lung, testicle, brain and heart in turn. The retention is lowest in each organs 16 days after injection, but the accumulative absorbed doses were higher in the organs. The accumulative absorbed dose in spleen and thymus were 9.9 and 8.3 mGy respectively, which were much higher than other organs. The converting factors of absorbed doses （Gy.Bq^-1.g） in the organs were increased gradually with the time. Conclusion The radioactivity and absorption dose of peripheral blood were the largest in early stage of 3H-TdR pollution. The absorbed dose of the thymus and spleen reached the peak with the time extension. These results suggest that the peripheral blood and immune organs were the main target organs for 3H-TdR intemal pollution. It has laid a foundation for the further study of the blood quality and health effect of the blood donors who have close contact with tritium.

关 键 词：3H-TDR 内污染 分布 吸收剂量 效应 

分 类 号：R818.03[医药卫生—放射医学]