230例药品不良反应报告分析  

Analysis of 230 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction Reports

作　　者：王金叶[1] 黄德福[1] 胡盈莹[1] 俞晓玲[1] 赖延锦[1] 陈少尉[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州市传染病医院药学部,福建福州350025

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2015年第9期1235-1238,共4页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的：了解药品不良反应（adverse drug reaction,ADR）发生的特点及规律,促进临床合理用药。方法：收集2011—2014年福州市传染病医院上报国家ADR监测系统的230例ADR报告,对患者性别与年龄、药品种类、给药途径、ADR发生时间、累及器官和（或）系统与临床表现等方面进行统计分析。结果：230例ADR中,男性163例,女性67例,男女之比为2.43∶1;〉30~60岁患者ADR发生率最高,为62.17%（143/230）;抗菌药物致ADR例数居首位（78例,占33.91%）,其次为消化系统用药（46例,占20.00%）、中药制剂（34例,占14.78%）;静脉滴注给药致ADR发生率最高,为71.74%（165/230）;用药〉5~30 min发生的ADR病例数居首位（68例,占29.57%）;ADR的主要临床表现为皮肤及其附件损害（174例次,占合计320例次的54.38%）。结论：临床应根据ADR发生的特点及规律合理用药,避免或减少ADR的发生,保障患者用药安全。OBJECTIVE： To investigate the characteristics and rules of adverse drug reaction（ ADR） and promote rational drug use in clinic. METHODS： 230 cases of ADR reported in National ADR Monitoring System from Fuzhou Municipal Infectious Disease Hospital during 2011-2014 were collected,statistically analysis was conducted on the patients＇ gender and age,drug categories,route of administration,occurrence time of ADR,organs and（ or） systems involved in ADR and the clinical manifestations etc. RESULTS： Of the 230 cases,males were 163 cases and females were 67 cases,the gender ratio was 2. 43∶ 1. The ADR occurred more often in patients aged from 30-60 years old,accounting for 62. 17%（ 143 /230）. In terms of categories,antibacterial drugs dominated the first place（ 78 cases,33. 91%）,followed by the digestive system drugs（ 46 cases,20. 00%）,and traditional Chinese medicine preparations（ 34 cases,14. 78%）. The ADR induced mostly by drugs administered via intravenous drip,reached 71. 74%（ 165 /230）; ADR happened in 5-30 min after administration took the first place（ 68 cases,29. 57%）. The main clinical manifestations were skin and its accessories damage（ 174 cases /320 cases,54. 38%）. CONCLUSIONS： It is important to follow the characteristics and rules of ADR and promote rational drug use in clinic,so as to reduce theoccurrence of ADR and ensure medication safety of patients.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 分析 合理用药 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]