雷击通信塔的空间瞬态电磁分布研究  

Research on the Transient Electromagnetic Distribution around the Communication Tower When Struck by Lightning Directly

作　　者：刘昆[1] 郭君峰 张顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学电子工程学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程学院学报》2015年第4期325-332,共8页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家973资助项目(2014CB441405);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41305005)

摘　　要：随着中国经济的发展,无线通信基站覆盖面越来越广。通信基站建设在一定程度增加了其所在区域的落雷密度,使该区域的电子设备面临更多的雷电电磁干扰及雷电波入侵等威胁。由于恶劣电磁环境造成电子设备误动作或永久性损毁的重要原因主要源于磁场,因此,就通信铁塔周围的磁场分布进行分析研究。参照实体通信基站塔建立高10 m的通信基站塔模型,基于CST STUDIO研究其被雷电直接击中时的瞬态电磁响应,分析塔体周围的磁场分布特性。依据分析结果,通信塔所围空间内部磁场通常远小于其外部磁场,同时,通信塔内部空间的磁场并非随高度呈现单调变化。因此,在架设通信基站时,可以考虑将部分抗电磁干扰能力较差的设备或重要设备安装在通信塔所围空间内部;同时在安装设备前应事先通过相关仿真计算或实验获取塔体所围空间内磁场最小区域,进而决定设备的具体安装位置。The coverage of wireless communication stations becomes increasingly wider with the rapid development of social economy.This brings about more serious threat of lightning electromagnetic interference and lightning current invasion, the regional lightning density increased to a certain extent due to the building of communication tower.Because the malfunction or permanent damage of electronic equipment caused by harsh electromagnetic environment is mainly attributed to magnetic field, the magnetic field around the tower is analyzed in detail in this paper.A ten-meter high communication station tower model was established by CST studio.Then, the transient electromagnetic response when the tower is struck by lightning directly and the space distribution of magnetic field around the tower were analyzed by using transmission line method （TLM）.The analysis and calculation show that the magnetic field inside tower is much smaller than the magnetic field outside.On the basis of this finding, it is advisable that the communication equipment with poor anti electromagnetic interference ability or some important equipment can be installed in the internal area of tower when setting up communication stations.And since the magnetic fields are not monotonically changing with height, we should do some simulation calculation or experiment to find where the magnetic field is weakest before installing and then pick the best position for installment.

关 键 词：信号与信息处理 电磁兼容 通信基站塔 雷电电磁干扰 瞬态电磁响应 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]