健康教育路径对老年外科手术患者自我护理能力的效果  

Effect of path of health education on the self-care ability of elderly surgical patients

作　　者：李坪恋[1] 王永华[1] 李东文[1] 李洁[1] 王红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都军区总医院,四川省成都市610083

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第24期3451-3454,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育路径对老年外科手术患者自我护理能力提升的干预效果,为临床开展有效的健康教育提供科学依据。方法选择2014年6—12月在成都军区总医院住院治疗的老年外科手术患者200例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为干预组和对照组,分别接受健康教育路径和常规健康教育,在干预前和干预3个月后采用《自我护理能力测定量表》对全部患者的自我护理能力进行综合评价。结果健康教育路径组与常规健康教育组患者在基本人口学特征上均无差异性(均P>0.05)。干预前健康教育路径组与常规健康教育组患者在自我护理能力总分及各个维度上得分之间均无统计学差异(均P>0.05);干预前有92例患者(47.92%)的自我护理能力被评为高水平,有100人(52.08%)被评为中水平,干预组和对照组在自我护理能力分级水平上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。健康教育路径组患者干预后的自我护理能力总分及各维度得分均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而常规健康教育组患者在干预前后的自我护理能力总分及各维度得分之间未见明显改变,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。协方差分析发现,患者干预前后自我护理能力得分的单独效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康教育路径相对于常规健康教育更有利于提高患者的自我护理能力。[Objective]To evaluate the effect of path of health education on improving the self care ability of elderly surgical patients, and provide scientific evidence for carrying out health education in clinic. [Methods]A total of 200 elderly surgical inpatients at General Hospital of Chengdu Military of PLA from June 2013-December 2014 were selected as the object, they were randomly divided into intervention group and control group by the random number table, receiving health education path and general health education, after 3 months of health education and before the intervention, ＂Exercise of Sell-Care Agency Scale＂ was used to assess the self care ability of the patients.[Results]Path of patient health education group and the conventional health education group showed no differences in demographic characteristics（all P〉0.05）. Before intervention, self-care ability score and the score of each dimension were not significantly different between health education path group and health education group （all P〉0.05）. Before intervention, the self-care ability of 92 patients （47.92%） was rated as high level, 100 （52.08%） was rated as medium level, the differences of self-care ability score and the score of each dimension were not significantly different between health education path group and health education group（P〉O.05 ）, The total self-care ability score and the score of each dimension of patients in health education path group was significantly increased after intervention （all P〈0.05）. The total self-care ability score and the score of each dimension of patients in conventional health education group was not significantly changed after intervention （all P〉0.05）. Analysis of covariance showed that the individual effect of self-care ability score was significantly different before and after intervention （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]Path of health education is better than the conventional health intervention on improving self-care ability of patients.

关 键 词：老年外科手术患者 健康教育路径 自我护理能力 效果评价 

分 类 号：R473.1[医药卫生—护理学]