木霉菌颗粒剂对玉米茎腐病防治的应用  

Application of Trichoderma granules in the control of corn stalk rot

作　　者：吴晓儒[1,2] 陈硕闻 杨玉红[1] 王永宏[4] 刘艳[2] 陈捷[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院,沈阳110161 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [3]上海大井生物科技有限公司,上海201101 [4]宁夏农林科学院,银川750000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2015年第6期1030-1035,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业(玉米)产业技术体系(CARS-02);国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY120900);上海市基础研究重点项目(12JC1404600)

摘　　要：为明确棘孢木霉菌Trichoderma asperellum不同颗粒剂配方对玉米茎腐病的防效,通过人工接种盆栽试验比较分析其防效,同时进行多基点田间试验以筛选对茎腐病防效明显并具有增产效应的木霉菌生防颗粒剂。结果表明：盆栽试验中,2号木霉菌颗粒剂对于苗期玉米茎腐病的防效最高,为65.57%,3号木霉菌颗粒剂对于成株期玉米茎腐病的防效最好,为40.00%;1~4号4种木霉菌颗粒剂均能提高玉米的出苗率、株高、鲜重、干重和根长,表明木霉菌颗粒剂对玉米生长具有促进作用。在全国10余个综合试验站对1号木霉菌颗粒剂的田间防效试验结果显示,对玉米茎腐病的防效较好,均在50%以上,最高可达80%,玉米增产效果在8%以上。表明木霉菌颗粒剂具有良好的生物防治效果及增产作用。To compare the biocontrol efficiencies of Trichoderma asperellum granules with different components against corn stalk rot, the pot experiments by artificial inoculation with Fusarium graminearum were conducted,and the ideal formulas were selected to make further field experiments in varied sites of corn-growing areas for obtaining one with significant control effects and yield enhancements. Pot experiments results showed that No. 2 granule was able to achieve 65. 57% control efficiency against stalk rot at seedling stage,the highest control among all tested granules,whereas No. 3granule was the best with 40. 00% control efficiency at adult stage. All four kinds of tested granules conferred a good promotion in seedling emergence,plant height,fresh weight,dry weight,and root length. No. 1 granule was then applied in over ten provincial experiment stations,and the results showed that the control efficiency by No. 1 granule was generally over 50%,and 80% at the highest,and more than 8% yield growth could be achieved. The results indicated that Trichoderma granule was confirmed with good biocontrol effects against corn stalk and yield promotion.

关 键 词：木霉菌 颗粒剂 土传病害 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]