莱州湾东部潮上带土地利用对海岸蚀退的影响  

IMPACT OF SUPRATIDAL LAND USE ON COASTAL EROSION ALONG THE EASTERN COAST OF LAIZHOU BAY IN RECENT 20 YEARS: A NUMERICAL SIMULATION

作　　者：李雪艳[1] 王庆[1] 王红艳[1] 战超[1] 王昕[1] 仲少云[1] 杜国云[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学海岸研究所,烟台264025

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2015年第6期1347-1357,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目;41271016号;41471005号;山东省高等学校科技计划项目;J14LH02号;烟台市科技发展计划项目;2014ZH075号

摘　　要：基于二维浅水方程、波作用守恒方程和对流扩散方程,建立了波浪-潮流-泥沙耦合数值模型,分析了最近20年来莱州湾东部潮上带土地利用对海岸蚀退的影响。结果显示,潮上带土地利用改变了风暴潮时的水动力边界条件,显著增大了岸线附近的水流流速。随着潮上带养殖设施覆盖比例的提高,从平面分布看,岸线附近侵蚀显著加重,侵蚀条带平行岸线并向下游延伸、向海侧拓展;从剖面分布看,岸线两侧侵蚀深度显著增大、范围明显扩展,水下岸坡的闭合水深加大,闭合点外移;从动力条件变化看,岸线附近水流流速最大。分析表明,最近20年来大规模的潮上带土地利用是莱州湾东部海岸蚀退的重要影响因素。Using equations of two-dimensional shallow-water movement, wave action conservation, and convective-diffusion, we numerically modeled the coupling wave and tidal current to analyze the impact of land use in the supratidal zone on coastal erosion in recent 20 years along the eastern Laizhou Bay, North China. Results show that land use has significantly altered the supratidal zone and the boundary conditions of storm surges. The ocean current velocity near coastline increased obviously. With the increase of supratidal land use, erosion near coastline worsened seaward in scale, area, and depth in the coastal zones of the bay. The depth of closure increased and the area expanded. The current velocity reached its maximum near coastline. Therefore, large-scale land use in the supratidal zone is accountable for the coastal erosion in the eastern Laizhou Bay in the recent 20 years.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 海岸侵蚀 海岸动力 风暴潮 莱州湾东部 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]