重庆南川玄参田间杂草种类、危害及群落结构研究  

Species,Damage and Community Structure of Weeds in Scrophularia ningpoensis Fields in Nanchuan,Chongqing

作　　者：韩凤[1,2] 肖杰易[1,2] 曹厚强[1,2] 罗川[1,2] 杨天建[1] 林茂祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市药物种植研究所,重庆408435 [2]重庆市中药良种选育与评价工程技术中心,重庆408435

出　　处：《中药材》2015年第10期2042-2047,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：重庆市卫生局中医药科技项目(2011-1-14)

摘　　要：目的：明确重庆南川玄参杂草种类、危害情况和群落结构。方法：2013~2014年,采用倒置＂W＂九点取样法对南川玄参杂草进行调查。结果：南川玄参农田杂草有96种,隶属于30科75属,其中菊科最多,为18种,占整个杂草种类的18.75%;其次是禾本科,10种,占整个杂草种类的10.42%。所有杂草中,一年生杂草57种,占所有杂草的59.38%,越年生（两年生）及多年生杂草39种,占所有杂草的40.63%。一年蓬、马唐、窃衣、尼泊尔蓼、毛茛、繁缕、鸭跖草等在田间分布较广,是南川玄参农田的优势杂草。结论：重庆南川玄参农田杂草种类组成、群落结构的不同,主要与土壤理化性质、水分含量、种植制度、耕作方式、气候条件、作物布局、除草水平等有密切关系。Objective： To investigate the damage and community structure of weeds in Scrophularia ningpoensis fields in Nanchuan,Chongqing.Methods： From 2013 to 2014,an investigation was carried out by inverted W-9 point sampling method to study the weed species.Results： 96 weed species belonged to 75 genera of 30 families were observed,including 18 species of Asteraceae weeds（ accounted for 18.75%）,10 species of Poaceae weeds（ accounted for 10.42%）.Moreover,there were 57 species of annual weeds（ accounted for 59.38%） and 39 species of perennial weeds（ accounted for 40.63%）.The overall abundance of Erigeron annuus,Digitaria adscendens,Torilis scabra,Polygonum nepalense,Ranunculus japonicas,Stellaria media and Commelina communis were relatively higher than that of the others.Conclusion： The difference of weed species and community structure might result from the physical and chemical characteristics of soil,moisture content,cropping system,tillage type,environmental and climatic conditions,crop distribution and weed control.

关 键 词：玄参 杂草种类 群落结构 优势种 重要值 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]