CFD技术在我国城市气候环境微尺度问题中的应用  

Application of CFD Technique on Micro-Scale Issues in Urban Climatic Environment Researches in China

作　　者：李磊[1] 胡非[2] 刘京[3] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市气象局深圳市国家气候观象台,深圳518040 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2015年第6期23-30,共8页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51278308);城市气象科学研究基金(UMRF2013(LH)05)

摘　　要：从城市风环境、热环境及空气污染等多个方面回顾了计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术在我国城市气候环境微尺度问题有关研究中的应用。通过回顾可发现,当城市气候环境研究着眼于城市街区尺度和城市冠层内部时,CFD可充分发挥其描述复杂几何形体的能力,给出街区内部的热力、动力以及物质扩散的细节,具有中尺度模式难以比拟的优势。我国在本领域的研究起步较晚,但近二十年来由于高速城市化进程所激发的强烈需求而发展迅速,已有大量研究在此领域开展并取得成果。未来随着高性能计算机计算能力的逐渐提高,CFD有望在大气环境质量预报、机场风切变预报以及风能评估等多个领域中投入业务应用。Covering such aspects as urban wind environment, urban thermal environment and air pollution, the application of computational fluid dynamics（CFD） technique is reviewed on the micro-scale issues in urban climatic environment researches in China. Through the review it is found that when urban climatic environment researches focus on the urban neighborhood scale and focus on the phenomena within the urban canopy layer, CFD technique has special capabilities in describing complex geometries and provides the details of thermal, dynamic and diffusion processes within the urban blocks, which cannot be realized by mesoscale models. Generally speaking, the initiation of researches in this field in China is relatively late, but the progress made over the last 20 years is quite rapid and the achievements in this field are quite productive due to the strong demand inspired by the rapid urbanization process of China. In the future, along with the improvement of the capability of high performance computer, it is expected that CFD technique will be applied in many operational jobs, such as atmospheric environment forecasting, wind shear forecasting in airports and wind energy assessment.

关 键 词：计算流体力学 城市气候环境 微尺度 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]