近海台风强度突变的诊断分析  

The Diagnostic Study on the Intensity Sudden Change of Typhoon over the Coastal Waters of China

作　　者：袁小超[1,2] 刘莹莹[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局.河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450003 [2]河南省气象台,郑州450003 [3]河南省气象局,郑州475003

出　　处：《科技通报》2016年第2期34-43,共10页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：2013年度公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306012)资助

摘　　要：选取2000-2009年在我国近海迅速加强和迅速减弱的两类台风,利用NCEP/NCAR全球对流层1°×1°再分析资料,对两类台风的环境和物理量场进行合成和对比分析.结果表明：副高强度突然加强西伸时台风迅速加强,副高迅速减弱东退时台风迅速减弱,其响应时间大约为12-18 h;台风迅速加强时台风周围水汽通量突然增加,低层气旋式环流的加强,而迅速减弱台风水汽通量迅速减小,低层气旋式环流衰减明显;迅速加强台风逐渐向高空急流轴靠近,而迅速减弱台风则无明显变化;高低空垂直风切变的强弱对两类台风有不同的作用,其响应时间大约为18 h左右;台风暖心纬向面积指数对台风的突然加强和减弱有一定的预示作用;中低层涡度的增强和减弱分别有利于台风的迅速加强和减弱.Using NCEP/NCAR global tropospheric 1° × 1° reanalysis data, comparative analysis and composite analysis of the two categories of typhoons that selected from 2000-2009 in China offshore rapidly strengthened and weakened rapidly have been done,the results show that: the subtropical high strengthened and extent westward,the typhoon suddenly inthensify,tyhoon weakened rapidly as the subtropical high weakened and back east, the response time is about 12~18 hours;typhoon rapid reinforcement when a sudden increase in water vapor flux and the strengthen of the low-level cyclonic circulation, quickly weakened typhoon water vapor flux decreases rapidly, low layer cyclonic circulation attenuation is obvious; Rapid strengthening of the typhoon gradually closer to the high-altitude jet stream axis , and rapidly weakening typhoon did not change significantly; the strength of High and low altitude vertical wind shear have different effects typhoon , its response time is about 18 h; The zonal index data of warm core area of typhoon has some prediction to the suddenly change of typhoon;low level and middle-level vorticity increased and decreased respectively to the intensity sudden change of typhoon .

关 键 词：台风 强度突变 诊断分析 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]