聚氨酯/有机改性蛭石复合材料的制备及性能研究  

The preparation and properties study of polyurethane/organic vermiculite composites

作　　者：张太亮[1] 李泽锋[1] 戴姗姗[1] 黄志宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,成都610500

出　　处：《功能材料》2016年第2期2183-2187,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304163)

摘　　要：聚合物/层状硅酸盐复合材料是近年来比较广泛应用的新型材料。以十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(OTAB)改性蛭石作为前驱体,通过高速搅拌-超声分散法将聚碳酸酯多元醇(PCDL)分散到蛭石层间作为软段,以1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯(CHDI)为硬段,通过插层聚合得到聚氨酯/有机改性蛭石复合材料。利用FT-IR、XRD、TGA、SEM和拉伸强度测试等对有机改性蛭石进行结构表征,并且对复合材料的性能进行了探讨。研究表明,蛭石通过有机改性,层间距增大到2.37nm,PCDL超声分散后层间距进一步增加到2.92nm。复合材料的力学性能明显增强,拉伸强度为26.8 MPa,比纯聚氨酯增加了52.3%,复合材料抗温可达到300℃。Polyurethane/silicate composites are widely used recently.Using vermiculite(VMT)modified with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(OTAB)as precursor,the polycarbonate polyol(PCDL)were dispersed well in OTAB-VMT(OVMT)as soft segment by high-speed stirring and ultrasonic dispersion,1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate(CHDI)as hard segment,polyurethane/organic vermiculite composites were prepared by intercalating polymerization.The structure and properties of OVMT and PU/OVMT composites were characterized by the FT-IR,XRD,TGA,SEM and tensile strength test.The results showed that the layer spacing of OVMT increased to 2.37 nm and further enlarged to 2.92 nm by the loading of PCDL.The tensile strength composites reached 26.8MPa,which increased 52.3%than PUCPB.The temperature resistance of composites was above 300 ℃.

关 键 词：长链烷基季铵盐 蛭石 聚氨酯 插层聚合 复合材料 

分 类 号：O069[理学]