云南省元谋县水源性高氟地区人群尿氟水平及其影响因素分析  

A study of urine fluoride level among population in high-fluoride-water community and influencing factors in Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province

作　　者：王丹妮[1] 张玉媛[1] 吴锡南[2] 宋肖肖[2] 杜昌海 王广安 

机构地区：[1]安徽省蚌埠医学院预防医学系,蚌埠233030 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明650504 [3]云南省元谋县疾病预防控制中心,楚雄651300

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2016年第2期135-137,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：蚌埠医学院科研课题（Bykv1330）;安徽省教育厅自然科学研究资助项目（KJ2015A212）

摘　　要：目的探讨水源性高氟地区人群尿氟水平的影响因素。方法2010年，在云南省元谋县按坪坝、山区及混合地形区（海拔分别为898、2200、1460m）立意抽样3个水源性高氟自然村，在每个自然村采用整群抽样，抽取小学生所在家庭的所有成员为调查对象。人户问卷调查一般情况；收集调查对象晨尿及饮用水水样．采用氟离子选择电极法检测晨尿及饮用水含氟量；运用多元线性回归方程模型综合分析影响人群尿氟水平的影响因素。结果共调查968人，其中坪坝区、混合地形区、山区分别为444、368、156人，尿氟中位数分别为0．71、1．59、1．67mg／L，三者比较差别有统计学意义（F：203．90，P〈0．01）；三种地形水氟中位数分别为0．50、1．00、3．50mg／L，三者比较差别有统计学意义（F=331．98，P〈0．01）。影响尿氟水平的因素包括年龄、性别、饮水氟含量和居住地（P均〈0．01），共能解释33．1％的尿氟值变差。其中年龄越大尿氟水平越高、男性尿氟水平高于女性、饮水氟含量越高尿氟水平越高、海拔越高尿氟水平越高。结论用尿氟评估高水氟地区人群氟暴露水平时，要考虑性别和年龄等的差异。Objective To explore the potential correlation between fluoride levels of urine and influencing factors in water-high-fluoride areas. Methods In 2010, based on plain area, mountainous area and mixed area （altitudes were 898, 2 200, 1 460 m, respectively）, 3 villages of water-high-fluoride areas were selected by purpose sampling; pupils＂ family members were selected as survey population by cluster sampling. Questionnaire was conducted to collect general information; fluoride contents in urine and drinking water were measured using ion- selective electrode. A linear multiple regression was used to examine which factors affected urinary fluoride. Results Totally there were 968 people distributed in plain area （444）, mixed area （368） and mountainous area （156）, medians of urinary fluoride level were 0.71, 1.59 and 1.67 mg/L, respectively, the difference was significant （F = 203.90, P 〈 0.01）; medians of water fluoride level in the three different habitats were 0.50, 1.00 and 3.50 mg/L, respectively, the difference was significant （F = 331.98, P 〈 0.01）. Age, gender, fluoride contents in drinking waters and habitat explained 33.1% of urinary fluoride variation. Male had higher urine fluoride than female, older age and higher level fluoride in drinking water contributed to higher fluoride level in urine, higher altitude contributed to higher urinary fluoride. Conclusion Once fluoride content in urine is used to estimate fluoride exposure level among people in high fluoride area, gender and age must be taken in consideration.

关 键 词：氟中毒 尿 饮水 回归分析 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]