中国桥梁技术的现状与展望  

Status and prospect of technical development for bridges in China

作　　者：张喜刚[1,2] 刘高[1,2] 马军海[1,2] 吴宏波[1,2] 付佰勇[1,2] 高原[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中交公路规划设计院有限公司,北京100088 [2]中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《科学通报》2016年第4期415-425,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA112501);交通运输重大科技专项(2011318494150;2011318494160;2011318494180);交通运输部建设科技项目(2014318494020;2015318J41270);中国交建科技项目(2012-ZJKJ-5;2013-ZJKJ-08;2013-ZJKJ-11;2014-ZJKJ-01)资助

摘　　要：桥梁是交通设施互联互通的关键节点和枢纽工程,是国民经济发展和社会生活安全的重要保障,在化解传统产业产能过剩、推动战略新兴产业和第三产业发展、促进产业融合升级、拉动经济增长等方面发挥着重要作用.改革开放30多年来,中国桥梁在学习引进国外先进桥梁技术的基础上,走自主建设和创新发展之路,实现了跨越式发展,取得了一批自主创新成果,推动了中国桥梁由大国向强国的迈进,但在核心技术、材料、软件、装备、标准规范等方面与发达国家相比还存在一定差距.桥梁建养和安全长寿的巨大需求,以及工业化、信息化、智能化的发展趋势,均要求站在更高起点上审视中国桥梁技术发展,面向国家战略需求,坚持问题导向和需求导向,提出未来中国桥梁技术的发展方向和目标任务.本文总结了改革开放30多年来中国桥梁在建设技术、新结构与高性能材料、监测检测评估与管养技术、信息化技术、标准规范等方面取得的主要进展与不足,指出为了支撑国家重大发展战略、保障庞大桥梁安全长寿和实现桥梁强国梦,必须进一步提升中国桥梁技术创新水平,尽快实施以重点专项"智能桥梁(Intelligent Bridge)"为主题的"中国桥梁2025"科技计划,并通过组建"中国桥梁产业技术创新战略联盟"保障其顺利实施.As the key node and pivotal project of interoperability of traffic facilities, bridge is an important guarantee for the development of national economy and social safety. Brigde construction plays an important role in resolving production capacity surplus of traditional industries, promoting the development of new strategic industries and the third industry, boosting the integration and upgrading of industries, and stimulating economic growth. In the past 30 years, by learning and introducing intemational advanced technology and self-innovation, Chinese bridges have achieved a leapfrog and made a number of independent innovation to drive Chinese bridges from massive quantity to quality development. However, comparing with the developed countries, China still falls behind in many aspects, including key technologies, materials, softwares, equipments, standardization and specification, etc. The huge demand of bridge construction, maintenance, and safety, as well as the trend of industrialization, informatization and intelligentialize require us to examine the technological development of Chinese bridges from a higher starting point and put forward the future technological development direction, target and task of Chinese bridges aiming at national strategic, which needs with the principle of problem-oriented and demand-oriented. This paper summarizes the main achievements and shortages of Chinese bridges in five respects： construction technology, new structure and high performance materials, monitoring- inspection-assessment and maintenance technology, information technology, standard and specification and points out that, in order to support major national development strategy and assure the safety and longevity of huge amount of bridges as well as realize the dream of being a world bridge power, we must further improve the level of technological innovation for Chinese bridges through implementing the science and technology plan ＂China Bridge 2025＂ with the theme of momentous project named as ＂Intelligent B

关 键 词：中国桥梁 建设技术 管养技术 信息化技术 标准规范 智能桥梁 科技计划 

分 类 号：U445.4-1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]