固体碱催化脂肪酸甲酯甘油解制备单甘酯  

Preparation of Monoglycerides from Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Glycerol Solution Catalyzed by Solid Base Catalyst

作　　者：董昌婷 曾桂凤[1,2] 周永生[1,2] 王建浩[3] 王车礼[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学石油化工学院,江苏常州213164 [2]精细石油化工江苏省重点实验室,江苏常州213164 [3]常州大学制药与生命科学学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《精细化工》2016年第2期157-161,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：江苏省前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2012091)~~

摘　　要：以自制La2O3/Mg O固体碱为催化剂,采用脂肪酸甲酯甘油解合成单甘酯;采用薄层色谱、柱色谱、FTIR、1HNMR对产品进行了分离和鉴定;考察了反应温度、甘油与脂肪酸甲酯投料比、反应时间以及催化剂用量对单甘酯产率的影响。结果表明,合成产物单甘酯的红外光谱图与其标准品红外谱图相符;1HNMR数据表明,产品单甘酯为亚油酸单甘酯和棕榈酸单甘酯的混合物;合成单甘酯的最适宜条件为:反应温度240℃,催化剂添加量0.75%(以脂肪酸甲酯质量计),投料比n(甘油)∶n(脂肪酸甲酯)=2∶1,反应时间2.5 h;在该条件下单甘酯产率达70.53%。Monoglycerides were prepared from fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol solution catalyzed by La2O3/ Mg O. The purification and characterization of products were carried out by thin layer chromatography（ TLC）,high performance liquid（ HPLC）,infared spectroscopy（ FTIR）,and nuclear magnetic resonance（1HNMR）. The influence of reaction temperature,feeding ratio,reaction time and catalyst dosage on the yield of monoglycerides was investigated. The results showed that Infrared spectrogram of synthetic products was consistent with standard product spectrogram of monoglycerides,and1 HNMR indicated that the product was a mixture of linoleic acid monoglyceride and palmitic acid monoglyceride. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows： reaction temperature 240 ℃,catalyst amount 0. 75%（ based on the mass of fatty acid methyl ester）,molar ratio of glycerol to fatty acid methyl ester 2∶1 and the reaction time 2. 5 h. The yield could reach 70. 53% under the condition.

关 键 词：脂肪酸甲酯 甘油解 固体碱催化剂 单甘酯 催化技术 

分 类 号：TQ645.6[化学工程—精细化工]