机构地区:[1]成都市第三人民医院暨重庆医科大学附属成都第二临床学院儿科,610031 [2]成都市第三人民医院暨重庆医科大学附属成都第二临床学院检验科,610031 [3]成都市妇女儿童中心医院儿科 [4]都江堰市医疗中心儿科 [5]德阳市人民医院儿科
出 处:《中华儿科杂志》2016年第2期119-125,共7页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
基 金:四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2013JY0121);成都市科技惠民项目(HM01-00272-SF)
摘 要:目的了解下呼吸道感染住院患儿流感嗜血杆菌(haemophilus influenzae,Hi)感染流行病学基本特征。方法采用多中心前瞻性流行病学断面研究方法,对中国川西地区4家医院0~17岁下呼吸道感染住院患儿痰液进行细菌培养;对Hi流行菌株进行生物学分型、PCR鉴定和药敏试验。结果2013年11月至2014年4月4家医院0~17岁下呼吸道感染住院患儿5748例,痰培养送检率46.96%(2699/5748),痰培养病原菌阳性率43.53%(1175/2699);272例分离出Hi279株,Hi阳检率10.08%(272/2699);279株经PCR鉴定均为不可分型流感嗜血杆菌;生物学分型以I型39.07%(109/279)和Ⅳ型50.90%(142/279)为主;临床诊断毛细支气管炎12.50%(34/272)、其他下呼吸道感染87.50%(238/272),新生儿肺炎2.57%(7/272),肺炎合并脓毒血症2.21%(6/272);4家医院下呼吸道感染住院患者Hi总阳检率比较χ2=112.561、P=0.000,毛细支气管炎Hi阳检率比较Fisher确切概率P=0.001,其他下呼吸道感染性疾病Hi阳检率比较χ2=108.876,P=0.000,差异均有统计学意义;3-内酰胺酶阴性氨苄西林中介2.87%(8/279)、耐药1.79%(5/279),β-内酰胺酶阳性阿莫西林克拉维酸耐药菌株0.72%(2/279)。结论中国川西地区0-17岁儿童下呼吸道感染患者痰液所分离Hi全部为不可分型菌株,生物学分型以I型和Ⅳ型为主,β-内酰胺酶阴性氨苄西林耐药菌株和β-内酰胺酶阳性阿莫西林克拉维酸耐药菌株在川西地区出现应引起临床高度重视。Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) infection in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in west Sichuan China. Method The muhicenter prospective cross-sectional design was used; four hospitals in west Sichuan China were chosen as research field, sputum bacterial culture was done and biological typing, PCR identification and drug sensitivity test of Hi epidemic strains were carried out among 0 - 17y hospitalized patients with LRTI in four hospitals located in west Sichuan China. Result Totally 5 748 cases with LRTI in four hospitals were investigated in west Sichuan from Nov. 2013 to April 2014 and the rate of sputum culture was 46. 96% (2 699/5 748). The total pathogenic bacteria positive rate of sputum culture was 43.53% ( 1 175/ 2 699), and 279 Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) strain in 272 cases were isolated , the Hi positive rate was 10. 08% (272/2 699 ). All the strains (100%) were non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) indentified by PCR. The main biotype of 279 strains was type I with 39. 07% (109/279) and type IV with 50. 90% (142/279) ; 272 cases were enrolled in this survey, 12. 50% (34/272) had broncheolitis,the rest of lower respiratory infection was 87.50 % ( 238/272 ), and 2. 57% ( 7/272 ) was neonatal pneumonia, 2. 21% (6/272)was pneumonia complicated with sepsis; in four hospitals the overall positive rate of Hi in inpatients with lower respiratory infection was 10. 21%, 28. 96%, 4. 80%, 10. 21% (χ2 = 112. 561, P=0.000) and the positive rate of Hi inpatients with broncheolitis was 11.92%, 20. 93%, 4. 76%, and 66. 67% ( Fisher exact probability P = 0. 001 ), with the rest lower respiratory infection was 9. 96%, 30. 90%, 4. 81%, 9. 85% (χ2 = 108. 876, P =0. 000) ; 2. 87% (8/279) bacterial strains of β-- laetamase-nonproducing-ampieillin-intermediary ( BLNAI ) distributed in four hospitals, and 1.79% ( 5/ 279 ) bacterial strains of β--1act
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