施磷处理对中性紫色土土壤硝化作用的影响  

Influence of Phosphorus Application on Nitrification of Neutral Purple Soil

作　　者：赵浩淳 周志峰[1] 秦子娴[1] 郭涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]国家紫色土土壤肥力与肥料效益监测基地,重庆400716

出　　处：《土壤学报》2016年第1期271-275,共5页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2010B012);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201203030)资助~~

摘　　要：针对长期定位试验站长期不施化肥的低磷土壤,设置了不同水平的磷素添加共9个处理（P2O5 0~150 mg kg-1土）,通过75 d的室内培养实验,探讨磷素处理对土壤硝化细菌及硝化作用的影响。结果表明,适量磷素添加显著刺激了硝化细菌生长,但高浓度磷素添加将抑制硝化细菌数量。进一步通过好氧培养法和悬液法分别测定了土壤硝化潜势,发现不同水平的磷素短期培养后,土壤硝化潜势均出现不同幅度的增加,并且均在P2O5 40~60 mg kg-1土之间最高,但磷素供应水平影响硝化作用的机制仍待进一步研究。Samples of soils low in phosphorus availability were collected from the National Monitoring Base for Purple Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency for an indoor experiment,which was designed to have 9 treatments,in terms of phosphate application rate（P2O5 0~150 mg kg-1）and had the soil samples incubated for 75 days,after P fertilizer in the form of disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate was amended. Analysis of the incubated samples shows that the application of a proper rate of P significantly stimulated the growth of nitrifying bacteria and that of a higher rate had a reverse effect. Treatment 20（P2O5 20 mg kg-1）was the highest in number of the bacteria. Potential nitrification rates（PNR）of the soil samples were determined with the aerobic incubation method and the suspension method,separately. PNR increased in all the treatments to a varying extent and Treatment 50（P2O5 50 mg kg-1）was found to be the highest in PNR. The effect of phosphorus on soil nitrifying capacity is similar to that on PNR in tendency. However,further study is needed mechanisms of phosphorus application rate affecting soil nitrification.

关 键 词：硝化潜势 硝化细菌 磷 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]