限制手臂摆动对人体步行影响的生物力学研究  

The Effects of Arm Swing Restraint on Human Walking

作　　者：李秋捷[1] 曲峰[1] 万祥林 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2016年第1期103-108,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：2013年国家高科技研究发展计划(863计划)

摘　　要：目的:探讨手臂摆动对人体行走步态特征的影响,从而为无臂的仿人机器人以及假肢的设计提供理论支持。方法:选用10名青年男性大学生为受试者,以1.5±0.3m/s的速度完成手臂自然摆动和限制双臂摆动的行走运动,研究采用Kistler三维测力台、Motion红外高速运动捕捉系统同步采集受试者行走时动力学和运动学数据。结果:(1)限制摆臂会显著降低步行频率;(2)限制摆臂会显著增大步行时重心的上下摆动、减少骨盆的旋转角度;(3)踝关节的生物力学参数在两种不同运动状态下表现出显著性差异,不摆臂时踝关节屈伸角度增大、屈伸力矩增大、关节做功增大;同时,不摆臂会造成膝伸力矩显著性增大,做功增多;针对髋关节,不摆臂会造成髋关节的屈伸角度增大;(4)下肢各参数在两种走路模式上表现出高度的相关性。结论:步行中手臂自然摆动可以降低腿部的能量消耗,是节省能量的一种行走模式;摆臂与不摆臂两种行走状态下肢的运动模式在不同水平上高度一致。Objective： This study explores the effects of arm wing restraint on walking patterns so as to provide theoretical support for the design of no- arm human- simulation robots and prosthetic devices. Methods： Choosing ten young male students as subjects and asking them to walk at the speed of 1. 5 ＋- 0. 3m / s while swinging their arms naturally and walking with their arms restrained respectively. Using Kistler＇s 3D force platform and the infrared high- speed motion capture system to collect subjects＇ kinetic and kinematic data. Results：（ 1） Arms swing restraint will significantly reduce the walking frequency;（ 2） arm swing restraint will dramatically increase the vertical range of gravity movement and the rotary angle of pelvis;（ 3） under the two different motion conditions,biomechanic parameters present significant differentiation;（ 4） under the two walking patterns,lower limb parameters are highly correlated（ r 0,90）. Conclusion： Arm swing during walking will reduce legs＇ energy consumption. Therefore it is a kind of energy- saving walking pattern. The motion pattern of lower limbs under the two walking conditions is highly identical.

关 键 词：步行 限制手臂摆动 生物力学分析 能量消耗 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]