铁路运输矿物粉料的抑尘试验研究  

Experimental Research on Dust Suppression for Mineral Powder in Railway Transportation

作　　者：李旭[1,2,3] 蔡觉先[1,2,3] 董波[1,2,3] 王浩 李颖泉[1,2,3] 武福平[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省交通储运扬尘治理工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州天际环境保护有限公司,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2016年第1期138-144,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划重点项目(2010Z020)

摘　　要：在青岛至济南的黄岛-历城和昆明至曲靖的中谊村-龙津沟区间,对装载有铁矿石和磷矿石的铁路货车喷洒新研制的矿粉抑尘剂,进行矿物粉料抑尘的试验。通过检测货车运行时矿物粉料在空气中的颗粒物浓度及其在货车内的堆型影像,分析和评价矿粉抑尘剂的使用效果。结果表明:在未喷洒矿粉抑尘剂的情况下,矿物粉料在运输过程中造成的扬尘污染以货车顶部的扬尘为主、侧面的为辅,呈辐射状分布;影响扬尘污染颗粒物浓度的主要因素为货车行驶中的风力和通过隧道时的活塞风;喷洒矿粉抑尘剂后,铁矿石和磷矿石在空气中的颗粒物浓度分别减少了92.16%和95.46%,表明矿粉抑尘剂具有显著的抑尘效果,而且抑尘作用基本不受试验线路环境的影响。In order to conduct dust suppressant test for mineral powder, the newly developed dust suppressant for mineral powder had been sprayed on railway freight cars loaded with iron ore and phosphate rock separately in the sections from Huangdao to Licheng of Qingdao to Jinan railway and from Zhongyicun to Longjingou of Kunming to Qujing railway. By examining the particulate concentration of mineral powder in the air and its heap-shape video in freight cars when running, the effect on using dust suppressant of mineral powder had been analyzed and evaluated. The results show that, without spraying the dust suppressant of mineral powder, the pollution of flowing dust during the transportation of mineral powder presents as radial distribution, also, the dust pollution is mainly from the top of the mineral aggregate in wagons and secondly from the side. The wind power under steam and the piston wind in tunnel are the main factors influencing the particulate concentration of flowing dust pollution. After dust suppressant being sprayed, the particulate concentration of iron ore and phosphate rock in the air is decreased by 92. 16% and 95.46% respectively, which means that not only is the effect of dust suppressant remarkable, but also the effect of dust suppression is basically unaffected by the environment of test lines.

关 键 词：散装货物运输 矿物粉料 颗粒物浓度 扬尘污染 抑尘 矿粉抑尘剂 

分 类 号：U294.7[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] X513[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]