2014年北京市西城区流感监测结果分析  

Analysis on influenza surveillance results in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2014

作　　者：庞晶晶[1] 路燕[1] 胡三梅[1] 王宵雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,北京100120

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第1期73-75,79,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析2014年北京市西城区流行性感冒(流感)监测结果,了解流感流行特征,为防治流感提供科学依据。方法采集北京市西城区国家级流感监测哨点医院全年流感样病例(ILI)咽拭子标本,采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(Real time RT-PCR)方法检测流感病毒核酸,核酸阳性标本用马达氏犬肾(MDCK)细胞和无特殊病原体(SPF)鸡胚进行流感病毒分离,采用血凝抑制试验(HI)进行型别鉴定。结果:全年共检测ILI咽拭子标本1 716件,流感病毒核酸检测阳性269株,阳性率为15.68%;其中新甲型H1N1亚型43株,A(H3N2)亚型163株,B-Yamagata亚型63株。核酸检测12月阳性率最高,占总阳性率的64.52%;其次是1和2月,分别占28.18%和25.63%;核酸检测阳性率无性别差异,但各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.95,P<0.05).MDCK细胞培养法培养出流感病毒205株,分离阳性率为76.21%;鸡胚培养法培养出流感病毒20株,分离阳性率为7.43%。结论冬春季为北京市西城区流感发病高峰,季节性H3N2为主要流行株。不同月份流行株有变化,发病人群在不同年龄均有分布并且与性别无关联。[Objective]To analyze the influenza surveillance results in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2014, know the epidemic characteristics of influenza, and provide scientific supports for influenza prevention and control. [Methods]Throat swabs of influenza-like illness（ ILI） cases were collected from national level influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2014. The nucleic acid of influenza virus was detected by real time PCR method. The influenza virus was isolated by MDCK cell culture method and specific pathogen-free（ SPF） embryonated chicken egg inoculation method, and was identified by hemagglutination inhibition test（ HI）. [Results]A total 1716 throat swabs of ILI were detected in 2014, and 269 strains were identified as influenza virus, with the positive rate of 15.68%, including 43 strains of influenza A（ H1N1）, 163 strains of influenza A（ H3N2）, and 63 strains of B-Yamagata subtype. The positive rate was the highest in December, which accounted for64.52%, followed by January and February, which accounted for 28.18% and 25.63% respectively. There was no significant difference in positive rate between sex groups, while the difference among age groups was statistical significance（ χ^2=17.95,P〈0.05）. 205 strains of influenza virus were isolated by MDCK cell culture method, with positive isolation rate of 76.21%, and20 strains were isolated by SPF embryonated chicken egg inoculation method, with the positive isolation rate of 7.43%.[Conclusion] The peak season of influenza appears in spring and winter in the Xicheng District of Beijing, and the epidemic were predominated by seasonal H3N2. The dominant pathogen has changed in different month. The patients distribute in every age group, and there is no significant difference in positive rate between sex groups.

关 键 词：流感病毒 亚型 流感监测 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]