遗传基础和种植方式对玉米单倍体成活率及授粉成功率的影响  

Effect of Haploid Genetic Basis and Planting Mode on Survival and Pollination Success Rate of Maize

作　　者：孙贵星 杨巍[1] 任雪娇[1] 慈佳宾[1] 张野[1] 赵超[1] 杨伟光[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2016年第1期20-25,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2011AA10A103);国家科技计划项目(2011BAD35B01);农业部"948"项目(2011-G1-21);科技部农业科技成果转化项目(2011GB2B100006)

摘　　要：采用种植方式及遗传基础的二因素随机区组试验设计,对5个No Reid×Dom遗传选育基础经诱导产生的单倍体,在直接播种、2-3叶期的小苗移栽和4-6叶期的大苗移栽3种种植方式下,对单倍体植株成活率及授粉成功率进行研究,以明确不同种植方式对成活率及授粉成功率的影响。结果表明：2-3叶期的小苗移栽单倍体成活率最高,平均为81.70%,授粉成功率平均为11.33%;4-6叶期的大苗移栽单倍体成活率平均为79.12%,授粉成功率最高,平均为11.34%;直接移栽单倍体成活率最低,平均为72.47%,授粉成功率最低,平均为10.30%。这说明,单倍体处理后育苗移栽可以有效地提高单倍体幼苗成活率及授粉成功率。By two-factor（ cultivation mode and genetic basis） randomized block design,under3 planting modes（ direct seeding,2-3 leaf transplanting stage and 4-6 leaf transplanting stage）,plant survival rate and pollination success rate of haploid induced by the genetic selection of 5 No Reid × Dom were studied to clarify the effects of different planting modes on survival and success rate of pollination. The results showed that survival rate of haploid at 2-3 leaf transplanting stage was the highest,the average of which was 81. 70%,and pollination success rate reached an average of11. 33%; average survival rate of haploid at 4-6 leaf transplanting stage was 79. 12%,and pollination success rate was the highest,the average of which was 11. 34%; survival rate of haploid was the lowest under direct transplanting,with an average of 72. 47%,and pollination success rate was the lowest too,the average of which was 10. 30%. The experimental study showed that seedling transplanting after haploid treatment could improve seedling survival rate and pollination success rate of haploid effectively.

关 键 词：玉米 单倍体 遗传基础 种植方式 育种成本 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]