半定量风险评估技术在木质家具企业职业健康风险评估中的应用  

Application of semi-quantitative risk assessment in wood furniture enterprises

作　　者：王爱红[1] 冷朋波[1] 边国林[1] 毛国传[1] 张美辨[2] 袁伟明[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315010 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2016年第1期37-40,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2013KYA042)

摘　　要：目的探索新加坡化学物质职业暴露半定量风险评估技术的适用性。方法应用新加坡化学物质职业暴露半定量风险评估模型对2家小型木质家具企业开展职业健康风险评估,并将评估结果与我国现行的职业接触限值和作业分级结果进行比较。结果 2家企业主要生产工艺和岗位设置相近,主要职业病危害因素一致,现场均存在木粉尘超标,时间加权平均浓度(concentration of the time weighted average,CTWA)最高为29.42mg/m^3。用实际浓度计算暴露等级和用暴露指数计算的暴露等级获得的风险评估结果从低风险、中等风险、高风险到极高风险不等,且两种方法对同一岗位同一毒物的风险评估结果不一致,后者风险等级较高。结论应用半定量风险评估技术能预测和评估职业健康风险,但仍需开展更多的适用性研究来制定我国职业健康风险评估模型。Objective To explore the applicability of semi-quantative risk assessment method in occupational hazards. Methods A Semi-quantitative method was used to assess occupational health risk in two small wood furniture enterprises.The result of assessment was compared to the assessment based on occupational exposure limit（OEL）and occupational hazard classification. Results The major production processes and post settings were similar,and the major occupational hazards were the same between the two enterprises.Workshop wood dust in the air was over OEL in both plants,and the maximum CTWA was 29.42mg/m3.There were inconsistent evaluation results,from low risk,moderate risk,high risk to extreme high risk,using exposure rate and exposure index,although according to the same chemical in same work setting. Conclusions Semi-quantitative method is more practical to assess occupational exposure hazard comparing traditional occupational hazard classification.But more studies need to be done.

关 键 词：风险评估 职业健康 家具企业 半定量 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]