中国两栖动物物种丰富度省级地理分布格局及其与气候因子的关系  

Relationships between Geographic Amphibian Species Richness Provincial Pattern and Environmental Factors in China

作　　者：沈梦伟 毕孟杰 敬琴[1] 陈文德[1] 陈圣宾[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学旅游与城乡规划学院,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [3]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第1期9-16,共8页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：物种丰富度分布格局及其形成机制的研究对于生物多样性保护具有重要意义。为了解中国两栖动物物种丰富度分布格局,本文利用中国省级尺度两栖动物物种分布数据和环境信息,结合GIS和数理统计方法,探讨两栖动物物种丰富度的地理分布格局与环境因子之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)物种丰富度随纬度增加呈逐渐递减趋势,但缺乏显著的经度梯度。丰富度最高的地区主要集中在南方,我国北方、西北干旱区和青藏高原北部地区丰富度较低;(2)最优模型由年均温、最冷月均温、净初级生产力、年降水量变化范围、月均降水量标准差组成,多层次方差分解表明,最冷月均温的独立解释能力(17.6%)高于年均温(11.5%);(3)方差分解表明,季节性因子的独立解释能力(5.6%)低于热量因子(6.1%),但高于水分因子(4.5%),因此我们认为季节性因子也是限制中国两栖动物分布的重要因素。Understanding the spatial patterns of species richness is a hot topic in macroecology because of its significance to biodiversity conservation. In this paper,the distribution patterns of amphibian species richness in China and its relationship with environmental factors were investigated based on the amphibian distribution data and environmental variables at provincial scale combined with GIS and statistical methods. The results showed that：（ 1） species richness decreased significantly with latitude rather than longitude. Amphibian richness was the highest in south and was low in north and northwest China,north Qinghai-Tibet Plateau;（ 2） The best model was based on the Akaike information criterion including mean annual temperature（ TEM）,mean temperature of the coldest month（ TEMmin）,net primary productivity,annual precipitation range and the standard deviation of mean monthly precipitation,moreover,the TEMmin independently explained in amphibian richness（ 17. 6%） was higher than TEM（ 11. 5%） as determined by hierarchical partitioning;（ 3） The independent effect of seasonality was lower（ 5. 6%） than that of energy（ 6. 1%）,but much higher than that of water（ 4. 5%） as reflected by variance partitioning. Therefore,we concluded that seasonality was one of the most important factors limiting amphibian distribution in China.

关 键 词：生物地理学 空间分布格局 气候 宏生态学 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]