长白山国家级自然保护区爬行动物道路致死特征的初步分析  

Road Mortality Characteristic Analysis of Reptiles in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve

作　　者：王超 王卓聪 罗玉梅 黄乃伟 黄利亚 张睿 邹长胜 朴正吉 牛丽君 

机构地区：[1]长白山科学研究院,吉林延边133613 [2]长白山保护开发区林业局,吉林延边133613 [3]长白山建设集团,吉林延边133613

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第1期123-128,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：吉林省科技厅应用基础项目(No.201205039);吉林省科技厅自然科学基金项目(No.20140101019JC)

摘　　要：2007—2014年在长白山国家级自然保护区环区公路、头道公路及白山公路,各选取1条样线,采用直接观测法进行了爬行动物道路致死情况的调查。累计统计里程总长1568 km。研究表明,道路致死爬行动物5种共391条,平均道路致死率为2.5条/10 km;其中白条锦蛇Elaphe dione个体数最多,占致死总数量的49.9%;环区公路道路致死率与白山公路(Mann-Whitney Test:Z=-3.333,P=0.001<0.05)、头道公路(Mann-Whitney Test:Z=-2.473,P=0.013<0.05)差异有统计学意义,路基宽度最小的头道公路道路致死率最高;岩栖蝮Gloydius saxatilis不同月份道路致死率差异有统计学意义(Kruskal Wallis Test:X^2=13.404,df=5,P=0.020<0.05),其他4种爬行动物不同月份道路致死率差异均无统计学意义;各月车流量与各月总道路致死率经Pearson相关分析结果显著不相关(R=0.423,P=0.407)。在此基础上,本研究提出了相应减小道路对爬行动物致死率的措施。The road mortality characteristic of reptiles were studied on the Ring Changbai Mountain Scenic Road, Toudao Road and Baishan Road in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve from 2007 to 2014. Road mortality of reptiles were recorded by direct counting method and the total length of sampling road was 1568 km. The results showed that, a total of 391 road killed reptiles, belonging to 5 species were recorded, and the average mortality was 2.5/10 km. The most vulnerable reptile was Elaphe dione, accounting for 49.9% of the total mortality. The mortality of reptiles in Ring Changbai Mountain Scenic Road was significantly differed with Baishan Road （ Mann-Whitney Test Z = - 3. 333, P = 0. 001 ） and Toudao Road （Mann-Whitney Test： Z = -2. 473, P = 0. 013）. The highest mortality was observed in Toudao Road with the smal- lest roadbed width. The mortality of Gloydius saxatilis in different months was significantly different （ Kruskal Wallis Test ： χ2 = 13. 404, df = 5, P = 0. 020）. The monthly total mortality of reptiles was not significantly correlated with the monthly traffic volume by Pearson test （R = 0. 423, P = 0. 407）. Accordingly, some protective measures of reptiles were provided.

关 键 词：爬行动物 公路 交通量 道路生态 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]