应用有限元法比较3种内固定器械固定不稳定骨盆骨折的效果  

Comparison of three types of internal fixation for unstable pelvic fractures:a finite element analysis

作　　者：崔蕴威[1] 吴涛[1] 李升[1] 陈伟[1] 邢欣[1] 张英泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第三医院创伤急救中心,河北省骨科研究所,河北省骨科生物力学重点实验室,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《河北医科大学学报》2016年第2期137-142,共6页Journal of Hebei Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81271975);河北省医学科学研究重点课题(ZL20140290)

摘　　要：目的通过构建完整骨盆的有限元模型,应用有限元法对3种内固定物治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折的疗效进行比较。方法随机选取1名成年健康男性,经CT扫描,层厚1mm,影像资料以医学数字成像和通信格式保存。应用Mimics、Geomagic Studio、SolidWorks、Abaqus等软件建立完整骨盆的三维有限元模型。建立不稳定骨盆骨折的有限元模型,分别置入3种不同的内固定器械,模拟对骶骨施加500N垂直负荷,计算骨盆模型的最大位移值、应力值、应变值及骶骨骨折断端的缝隙移位值,进行比较。结果在500N垂直载荷下,应力经骶骨、两侧骶髂关节、髂骨弓状线至双侧髋臼。通过分析结果可知在500N的载荷下,内固定后的骨盆模型发生应变很小。骨盆模型整体发生的位移依次是骶髂螺钉固定的模型(1.86 mm)、可调式微创接骨板(6.89 mm)、张力带接骨板(9.10mm)。骨盆模型中骶骨骨折缝隙的分离移位值依次是骶髂螺钉固定的模型(1.75mm)、可调式微创接骨板(3.00mm)、张力带接骨板(8.03mm)。结论完整的骨盆是个稳定的力学结构。三维有限元方法证实2枚骶髂螺钉固定骨盆的稳定性大于可调式微创接骨板固定骨盆的稳定性,更大于张力带接骨板固定骨盆的稳定性。Objective To build a normal pelvic finite element model and to compare the stability of unstable pelvic fractures fixed with three kinds of internal fixator by three-dimensional finite element analysis.Methods A normal adult male was chosen randomly and scanned by computerized tomography（1mm slice thickness）.The results were conserved in digital imaging and communications in medicine format.The finite element model was made using the software of Mimics,Geomagic Studio,SolidWorks,Abaqus.The finite element model of unstable pelvic fracture was set up,and the fracture of posterior pelvic ring was fixed with three kinds of internal fixator separately.A loading of 500 Nwas put and the bilateral acetabulum was constrained.The strain,displacement and stress nephograms of the pelvic model and the shift of fracture gap were obtained.Results Under 500 N vertical load,the stress passed through sacrum,bilateral sacroiliac joint and the arcuate line to the bilateral acetabulum.Under 500 Nvertical load,the strain concentrated of the model was very small.The displacements of pelvic model were iliosacral（IS）model（1.86mm）,minimally invasive adjustable plate（MIAP）model（6.89mm）,tension band plate（TBP）model（9.10 mm）.The shift of fracture gap in pelvic model was IS model（1.75mm）,MIAP model（3.00mm）,TBP model（8.03mm）.Conclusion The pelvis is a steady structure.Under vertical load,the stability of the unstable pelvic fractures fixed with MIAP is less than that fixed with two IS screws,and better than that fixed with TBP.

关 键 词：骨盆 骨折 内固定器 有限元分析 

分 类 号：R311[医药卫生—基础医学]