8种豆科灌木栽培种丛枝菌根真菌种类及分布  

The category and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from the rhizosphere of eight cultivated leguminous shrubs

作　　者：吴涛[1] 姚红艳[2] 莫本田 龙忠富 罗充[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第2期210-218,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35-37);贵州省科学技术厅资助项目(黔科合NY字[2008]3049号)

摘　　要：采集人工栽培决明(Cassia tora)、假木豆(Dendrolobium triangulare)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)、白刺花(Sophora davidii)、猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida)、多花木蓝(Indigofera amblyantha)、木豆(Cajanus cajan)和银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)8种豆科灌木植物根际5-10、10-20和20-30 cm 3个土层的土样,研究其根际丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的侵染率、孢子密度、种类及多样性。结果表明,8种豆科灌木植物AM真菌侵染率普遍较高,最高的为猪屎豆,80.8%;土壤速效磷含量与侵染率呈显著负相关(r=-0.733,P=0.039);根际土壤中的AM真菌孢子主要分布于5-20 cm土层,5-10 cm土层猪屎豆孢子密度最大,为115.33个·10 g-1土壤;宿主植物种类与土壤层位对孢子密度交互效应影响显著(F=100.497,P<0.001);AM真菌优势种枫香球囊霉(Glomus liquidambaris)、脆无梗囊霉(Acaulospora delicate)在8种豆科灌木植物的土壤中均有分布。本研究表明,喀斯特地区适生豆科灌木植物具有丰富的AM真菌资源,今后可以在喀斯特地区开展豆科灌木植物接种优势AM真菌和根瘤菌等相关研究,这将对农牧业生产和退化生态系统修复效应的影响具有重要意义。Soil samples of eight leguminous shrub plants were collected respectively from the experimental field, and the plants were Cassia tora , Dendrolobium triangulate, Amorpha fruticosa , Sophora davidii , Crotalar- ia pallida, lndigofera amblyantha, Cajanus cajan and Leucaena leucocephala which cultivated in Guiyang. Each soil sample was collected from each sites at three depths in the soil profile： 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm, respectively. This study mainly analyzed the infection rate, spore density, species and the diversity of ar- buscular mycorrhizal fungi. The results indicated that the eight leguminous shrub plants had a higher infection rate of AM fungi, the infection rate of AM fungi for C. pallid was the highest, up to 80.8%; Soil available phosphorus had significantly negative correlation with the infection rate（r=-0.733 ,P =0.039）; The spores of AM fungi mainl was the highest distributed in the pore density were 5-20 cm soil layer, the spore density of C. pallida at the 5-10 cm layer significantly affected by the host plants and soil layers （F= 100.497, P〈0.001） ;The dominant species of AM fungi were Glomus liquidambaris and Acoaclospora delicate, which were detected in the soil of eight leguminous shrub plants. It was important to inoculate the dominant AM fungi for leguminous shrub plant in karst area and do other related researches about rhizobia. What＇s more, these resear- ches had a great effect on improving animal husbandry production and restoring degraded ecosystem.

关 键 词：豆科灌木植物 丛枝菌根真菌 侵染率 多样性 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学] S182