3种紫花苜蓿与草地羊茅单、混播越冬期根系生理变化及抗寒性  

The study on the cold resistance and physiology change of root in meadow fescue━alfalfa mixture and monoculture in winter

作　　者：申晓慧[1,2] 姜成[3] 李如来[1] 李建东[2] 张华[1] 郑海燕[1] 郭伟[1] 孙力[1] 冯鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]佳木斯大学生命科学学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第2期268-275,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：黑龙江省政府博士后资助项目(LBH-Z12239);中国博士后科学基金(2013M541423)

摘　　要：为了更好地提高紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)抗寒性,本研究以紫花苜蓿公农1号、Wega7F、WL319HQ及草地羊茅(Festuca pratensis)为试验材料,分别设置苜蓿单播区与苜蓿-草地羊茅混播区,于2013年10月15日、10月30日、11月15日、2014年3月30日、4月15日、4月30日对苜蓿根系可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸含量及过氧化物酶(POD)活性4项指标的动态变化进行监测,并对苜蓿越冬率进行调查。结果表明,品种不同,苜蓿单、混播越冬率表现不一。苜蓿与禾草混播效果好于单播,混播越冬率超过90%,公农1号单混播越冬率差异不显著(P>0.05),其它单、混播处理及品种之间差异显著(P<0.05)。各品种单播区与混播区苜蓿根系可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及游离脯氨酸含量均随气温下降而增高,翌年春季随气温回升而降低,其中可溶性糖含量在11中旬达到最大值,单混播处理差异显著(P<0.05),可溶性蛋白含量在10月末达到最大值,除WL319HQ单、混播处理差异不显著外(P>0.05),其它两个品种单、混播处理差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),WL319HQ单、混播处理在10月末游离脯氨酸含量升到最高,其余各处理均是在11月中旬升到最高值,且同一观测期内,单、混播处理显著差异(P<0.05);POD活性则是随着温度变化在整个越冬期呈现先升后降再上升的变化趋势,各处理均在11月中旬升至最高。通过越冬率调查和运用隶属函数法进行抗寒性综合评判得出,苜蓿与草地羊茅混播处理的越冬率略高于苜蓿单播的,供试材料抗寒性大小顺序为公农1号+草地羊茅>公农1号>Wega7F+草地羊茅>Wega7F>WL319HQ+草地羊茅>WL319HQ。In order to improve cold resistance of alfalfa （Medicago sativa ）, three alfalfa cultivars （Gongnonglst （GNlst）, the Wega7F and the WL319HQ ） and one meadow rescue （Festuca ovina） cultivar were used in this study. Soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline and POD activity, and winter survival rate were measured at six different time. The results showed that the winter survival rate were different among different varieties, the average winter survival rate in mixture was more than 90% ,better than monoculture,and the winter survival rate in the each field had significant difference between mixture and monoculture. Variations in soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline contents increased along with temperature decrease in late fall, then decreased along with temperature increase in spring of the following year, soluble sugar content reached peaked in mid- November, and there were significant different between monoculture and mixture （P〈0.05） ; soluble protein content reached peaked at the end of October, there were significant difference between monoculture and mix- ture （P〈0.05）, except WL319HQ; free proline content of WL319HQ reached peak at the end of October, other treatments reached peaked in mid-November, there were significant difference between monoculture and mixture in the same measure stage （P〈0.05）; the POD activity change showed up--down--up trend in the whole wintering stage, showed the highest activity in mid-November. Membership function analysis and winter survival rate showed the order of cold-resistance of alfalfa cuhivars was GNlst＋ meadow fescue〉GNlst〉 Wega7F＋meadow fescue〉Wega7〉WL319HQ＋meadow fescue〉WL319HQ.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 草地羊茅 混播 抗寒性 越冬率 生理指标 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]