丙溴磷、辛硫磷在香蕉果实和果皮中的消解动态  

The degradation of profenofos and phoxim in banana fruit and peel

作　　者：李春 李芹 赵东兴 王树明 张建春 

机构地区：[1]云南省红河热带农业科学研究所,云南河口661300

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：云南省农垦总局重点科技项目(2012NK04)

摘　　要：【目的】探明丙溴磷和辛硫磷在香蕉果实及果皮中的残留消解动态和最终残留状况。【方法】通过田间试验法进行施药,并利用气相色谱法进行残留量分析。【结果】丙溴磷和辛硫磷在香蕉果皮中的原始沉积量比在果实中的原始沉积量大,且加倍剂量的原始沉积量高于推荐剂量的原始沉积量。2种农药在香蕉果实和果皮中的消解动态符合一级动力学方程（Ct=C0ekt）,丙溴磷在果实中的∣k∣=（0.444 3±0.053 8）,半衰期（T1/2）为1.4-1.8 d,消解99%所需要的时间（T0.99）为9.2-11.7 d;在果皮的∣k∣=（0.191 7±0.011 5）,T1/2为3.4-3.8 d,T0.99为22.7-25.6 d;辛硫磷在果实中的∣k∣=（0.307 5±0.009 8）,T1/2为1.2 d,T0.99为7.9-8.3 d;在果皮的∣k∣=（0.217 8±0.013 8）,T1/2为3.0-3.4 d,T0.99为19.9-22.6 d。距第2次打药20 d后,在果实中均检测不出丙溴磷和辛硫磷的残留量,而在果皮中距第2次打药30 d才检测不出辛硫磷残留,40 d后检测不出丙溴磷残留。【结论】丙溴磷和辛硫磷在香蕉中属于易降解农药,2种农药在果实中的消解速率比在果皮中的消解速率快。【Objective】The objective of the study is to understand the degradation dynamics and final resi-due of profenofos and phoxim in banana fruit and in the peel. The degradation of profenofos and phoxim infruit and peel followed the first order kinetic equation（Ct=C0ekt）. According to the equation,the half-life（T1/2） and 99% elimination time（T0.99） in the fruit and peel of these two pesticides were computed. The safeuses of profenofos and phoxim on banana were evaluated.【Methods】Three experimental plots in the ba-nana plantation were set. They were allocated to three treatments： the control without pesticide,applica-tion at the recommended dose,and the application at a dose that doubled recommended dose. Each plothad 6 banana strains,and the pesticides were prepared by water and applied by spray. 40% profenofoswas diluted by 1 000 or 500 times while 15% Avi · phoxim by 1 500 or 750 times with water. The dynam-ics of residue was studied in a one-spray experiment,where banana samples were collected 0,1,3,5,8,14 and 21 d after applying pesticides. The final residue experiment involved spraying pesticides twotimes with an interval of 15 days,and banana samples were collected 20,30,40 and 50 d after the sec-ond spray. During sampling,one finger was sampled each from hand 1,3,5 and 7 from top to bottom inthe banana clusters,and each time a total of 24 fingers were collected for each treatment. Banana sampleswere dissected into fruit and skin and separately mashed. 20 g sample was put into a 100 m L triangularflask,to which 50 m L acetone and appropriate amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate were added to remove the moisture,and the mixture was shaken for 1 h. After filtration with solid-phase extraction,the filtratewas condensed by nitrogen blow,dissolved in 1 m L acetone,and then determined for pesticide residuesusing gas chromatography. The pesticide residue in the sample collected on the day of applying was set asthe original residue,and the residue levels in the rest samples were compared with the or

关 键 词：香蕉 果实 丙溴磷 辛硫磷 果皮 残留 消解动态 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]