胡杨(Populus euphratica)树轮记录的20世纪40年代前后黑河下游分水过程及其生态影响  

The Water Allocation History and Its Ecological Impacts Recorded in Populus euphratica Tree Ring in the Lower Reaches of the Heihe River around the 1940s

作　　者：彭小梅[1,2] 肖生春[1] 程国栋[1] 肖洪浪[1] 田全彦 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2016年第1期206-215,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91125026,41471082);中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-EW-STS-00502)

摘　　要：黑河下游额济纳绿洲在20世纪40年代前后的东、西河分水是历史文献中记录的过去百年黑河流域人为分水的主要事件之一。在额济纳绿洲采集了覆盖绿洲范围的28个胡杨(Populus euphratica)样点,利用树轮学的方法,研究此次分水对河岸胡杨林径向生长的影响。结果表明:相较于1954—1989年的平均状况,1945—1950年东河附近径向生长量平均减少46%,西河附近平均增加16%。1948年为1900—1989年间绿洲内总体胡杨径向生长量最低的年份。所以,在额济纳绿洲内水量分配上,过于集中并不利于绿洲总体胡杨生长。由于受到人类活动的强烈影响及河岸林水分限制因子空间异质性的影响,绿洲内胡杨径向生长存在较大的空间异质性。It is one of the most important events recorded in the historical documents that the water allocation between the West and East River in the lower reaches of the Heihe River around the 1940 s.What is the impact of this event on the local riparian forest growth？In the present study,we developed 28 tree-ring chronologies of Populus euphratica in the Ejina Oasis to evaluate the oasis-scale poplar riparian forest growth variation influenced by this water allocation event.During 1945-1950,the overall radial growth along the East River decreased by 46%,and the growth along the West River increased by 16% compared with the average during 1954-1989.During 1900-2010,the minimum values of oasis-scale radial growth were 0.72 in 1948.Therefore,the oasis-scale poplar riparian forest growth could not benefit from the centralized water supply.In a hyper-arid riparian area,the stem radial growth of poplar trees in the oasis showed high spatial heterogeneity,because of heavy impact of human activity on the riparian forests and spatial heterogeneity of moisture limiting factor.

关 键 词：径向生长 河岸林 黑河 树木年轮学 

分 类 号：P33[天文地球—水文科学]