合成生物学研究和应用的生物安全问题  

Biosafety issue on researches and applications of Synthetic Biology

作　　者：梁慧刚[1] 黄翠[1] 宋冬林[2] 陈宗胜[2] 袁志明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉文献情报中心,武汉430071 [2]中国科学院武汉病毒研究所,武汉430071

出　　处：《科技导报》2016年第2期307-312,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：武汉市新发传染病与生物安全重点实验室资助项目(201261638501);国家卫生和计划生育委员会公益性行业科研专项(201302006)

摘　　要：合成生物学指基于系统生物学的遗传工程,人工设计与合成新的生物元件和生物系统。本文简述合成生物学的发展及其可能造成的环境、公众健康安全问题及伦理问题。借鉴欧美等国家在合成生物学发展及管理方面的经验,提出中国应加强合成生物学研究和应用的风险评估、完善监督和管理体系、强化生物安全和生物伦理教育、推动与国际社会的交流和合作等。Synthetic biology refers to artificial design and construction of genetic parts and biology systems, which is based on genetic engineering of systematic biology. We firstly review the development status of synthetic biology, the ethical issue, and the safety issue it may cause to the environment and public health. Europe and America support the development of synthetic biology while continuing to improve their management mechanisms. In view of the fact that domestic synthetic biology is still in its infancy, we recommend some corresponding countermeasures in the development of systematic biology based on the lessons from others countries, including strengthening risk assessment in the application and research of synthetic biology, improving supervision and management systems, strengthening biosafety and bioethics education, and promoting exchanges with the international community.

关 键 词：合成生物学 生物安全 生物伦理 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]