中美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准差异分析  

Comparison of recruitment standards for cadet pilots between PLAAF and USAF

作　　者：邹志康[1] 张凌[1] 刘庆元[1] 夏青[1] 刘伟[1] 吉保民[1] 马中立[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院,北京100142

出　　处：《军事医学》2016年第1期7-11,共5页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：全军后勤科研"十二五"重大项目(AKJ11J003);全军后勤科研重点项目(BKJ15J006)

摘　　要：目的全面总结中美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准差异,提炼美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准先进内容,为我军飞行学员医学选拔标准修订提供依据。方法对照我国空军飞行学员医学选拔标准和美空军飞行学员相关医学选拔的4个标准,提出标准构成、指标内容和相关标准之间的具体差异,阐明两军标准之间的不同点。结果中美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准在体系构成、执行方式和具体指标等方面均存在较大差异,我国空军1个医学选拔标准对应美空军4个相关标准,美空军更加重视临床专家会诊意见,对具体疾病的规定更加明确,在功能评估、精神心理方面的要求更加详细,视力、听力等方面的要求与我军相比也有一定差异。结论美军标准制订具有较强的循证医学依据,在人体飞行能力的保证方面研究更为透彻,参比美军标准开展我军飞行学员医学选拔标准研究,完善相关医学选拔技术手段,对扩大招飞优质生源、提升招飞整体质量具有重要意义。Objective To compare the standards for recruitment of cadet pilots between PLA Air Force and the US Air Force,so as to offer reference for revising PLAAF medical standards for recruiting cadet pilots. Methods Literature from medical bibliographic databases and foreign military official websites was retrieved,four published reports and network information were cited and PLAAF medical standards were compared with those in China. Results The American medical standards include Department of Defense Instruction,Air Force Medical Examination and Standards,Air Force Medical Standards Directory,and Air Force Waiver Guide,which are independent and aimed directly at different examinations so that medical requirements have been gradually broadened. Compared to our standards,the American medical selection is more dependent on clinic consultations,and more detailed in specifications of diseases,more focused on body functions than on body shape,and the psychological screening is more subtle. Conclusion The standards adopted by US Air Force are more evidence-based. We are to rectify our medical standards accordingly,which should be efficacious,safe and effective for improving the overall quality of our military pilots.

关 键 词：军事人员 中国空军 美国空军 飞行学员 医学选拔 体格检查 标准 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]