中美空军飞行学员医学选拔对照实证研究——耳科疾病  

An empirical study on medical selection of flying cadets with ear diseases between PLAAF and USAF

作　　者：刘伟[1] 邹志康[2] 马晓莉[2] 王枫[2] 夏青[2] 马中立[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学,合肥230032 [2]空军总医院,北京100142 [3]安徽医科大学空军临床学院,北京100142

出　　处：《军事医学》2016年第1期16-19,共4页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：全军后勤科研"十二五"重大项目(AKJ11J003)

摘　　要：目的分析我军招收飞行学员医学选拔时因耳科疾病而淘汰者参照美军标准的合格与淘汰情况,为我军招飞医学选拔标准中耳科疾病修订提出合理建议。方法对照分析2013~2015年招飞定选数据,并对耳科体检结果按照中美招飞标准进行比较。结果与结论招飞医学选拔体检淘汰学员中耳鼻喉科构成比具有显著性差异（2=7.99,P〈0.05）;耳科淘汰疾病谱前两位分别为前庭功能不良、听力减退,其构成比分别为45.54%和38.84%,其他疾病构成比均〈5%;我军耳科招飞标准总体严于美军,个别条款存在空白。在修订我军标准时可适当借鉴美军标准,在前庭神经炎、听力减退和鼓膜疾病方面可适当放宽标准,以增加招飞生源。Objective To determine whether the candidates who are disqualified because of ear diseases during medical selection of flying cadets in China are qualified or not according to United States Air Force（ USAF） Medical Standards Directory in order to raise suggestions for revising PLAAF medical standards for flying cadets. Methods Data of final selections from 2013 to 2015 and the conclusions were compared by different standards. Results and Conclusion There was a marked difference（ 2= 7. 99,P 〈 0. 05） in the disqualification rate of cadets that rose each year. There was no difference（ 2= 5. 39,P 〉 0. 05） in the disqualification rate related to ear diseases. Vestibular dysfunction and dysacousis were the leading causes of disqualification among ear diseases,making up 45. 54% and 38. 84% respectively,with other diseases less than 5%. Medical standards for ear diseases in China are more strict than in the USAF,so we should revise some PLAAF standards according to the USAF standards for reference,such as those for vestibular neuritis,dysacousis and tympanic disease in order to enlarge the source of cadets.

关 键 词：军事人员 飞行学员 医学选拔 体格检查 耳疾病 前庭疾病 实证研究 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]