饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡胫骨性能和免疫器官发育的影响  

Effects of Dietary Calcium Level on Tibia Quality and Development of Immune Organs of Frizzle-feathered Chickens Aged 1 to 28 Days

作　　者：赵玉振[1] 王润莲[1] 张锐[2] 潘文[1] 江国亮 黎秋平[1] 黄晓亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学动物科学系,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学实验教学部现代生化中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第1期185-190,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(2010B020306005);广东省自然基金项目(S2012010010114)

摘　　要：为研究饲粮中不同水平钙对麒麟鸡胫骨性能及免疫器官指数的影响,从中选取评价麒麟鸡钙需要量的敏感指标,推荐1~28日龄麒麟鸡饲粮适宜的钙水平,选用1日龄麒麟母鸡240只,随机分为5个处理组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,分别饲喂钙水平为0.75%、0.90%、1.05%、1.20%和1.35%（可利用磷水平为0.45%）的玉米-豆粕型试验饲粮,试验期28 d。结果表明：饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡胫骨鲜重、脱脂重、胫骨灰分含量及灰分钙磷比没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,而对胫骨强度、胫骨灰分重、胫骨钙磷含量有显著影响（P〈0.05）。随着饲粮钙水平的提高,胫骨强度、胫骨灰分重、胫骨磷含量呈线性和二次曲线变化（P〈0.05）,胫骨钙含量呈线性和断线变化（P〈0.05）。饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡脾脏指数没有显著的影响（P〉0.05）,但对胸腺指数和法氏囊指数有显著的影响（P〈0.05）;且随着饲粮钙水平的提高,胸腺指数呈线性变化（P〈0.05）,法氏囊指数呈线性和二次曲线及断线变化（P〈0.05）;通过拟合相应的二次曲线和断线方程,求得钙需要量分别为1.15%、1.17%、1.18%和1.00%。综上所述,胫骨强度、胫骨灰分重、胫骨钙磷含量和法氏囊指数可敏感反映麒麟鸡体内钙的营养状况,并可评价麒麟鸡钙的需要量;综合以上敏感指标,推荐1~28日龄麒麟鸡饲粮钙的适宜水平为1.18%（可利用磷水平为0.45%）。The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary calcium（ Ca） levels on the tibia quality and immune organs index of Frizzle-feathered chickens,in order to choose the sensitive indices to estimate the requirement of Ca for Frizzle-feathered chickens during the period of 1- 28 days old. A total of 240 1-day-old female Frizzle-feathered chickens were randomly assigned to 5 groups with6 replicates of 8 birds each and fed a corn-soybean meal diet（ available phosphorus 0. 45 %） containing 0. 75 %（ basal diet）,0. 90 %,1. 05 %,1. 20 % and 1. 35 % of Ca,respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that the dietary Ca level had no significant effects on fresh weight of tibia,dry weight of defatted tibia and calcium ︰ phosphorus in tibia ash（ P〉0. 05）,but had significant effects on tibial strength,tibia ash weight,tibia calcium phosphate content（ P〈0. 05）. The strength of the tibia,tibia ash and tibia phosphorus content showed linear and quadratic changes（ P〈0. 05）,and the tibia calcium content showed linear and broken-line change（ P〈0. 05） as the dietery Ca was increased. The dietary Ca levels had no significant effects on spleen index（ P〉0. 05） but had significant effects on thymus and bursa of fabricius index（ P〈0. 05）; With the increasing of dietary Ca level,thymus index showed a linear change（ P〈0. 05）,and the bursa of fabricius index showed linear,quadratic and broken-line change（ P〈0. 05）. Based on the corresponding quadratic curve and break-line equations of above values,the calcium requirements obtained were 1. 15 %,1. 17 %,1. 18 % and 1. 00 %,respectively. In conclusion,the strength of the tibia,tibia ash weight,tibia calcium phosphate content and bursa of fabricius index could sensitively reflect Ca status of Frizzle-feathered chickens and also could be used to evaluate the requirements of Ca for Frizzlefeathered chickens. The appropriate level of dietary Ca for Frizzlefeathered chickens during the pe

关 键 词：麒麟鸡 钙 胫骨性能 免疫器官指数 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]