苎麻纤维布和碳纤维布混杂铺层复合材料力学和阻尼性能研究  

Studies on Structural and Damping Properties of Ramie Fiber Cloth and Carbon Fiber Cloth Hybrid Laminate Composites

作　　者：倪楠楠[1] 温月芳[1] 王程成[2] 陈旭[2] 益小苏[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,杭州310027 [2]北京航空材料研究院,北京100095

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第2期187-196,共10页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;项目号2015AA03A201)资助

摘　　要：将具有优异阻尼减振性能的纯天然苎麻纤维布与力学性能较好的碳纤维布混杂铺层,利用VRAM(真空吸注成型)工艺制备了环氧树脂基结构阻尼复合材料.首先考察了复合材料的力学性能,包括动态力学性能、静态力学性能和冲击断裂韧性;其次通过共振频率和阻尼因子评价了复合材料的阻尼减振性能.结果表明,通过苎麻纤维布/碳纤维布的混杂铺层能够平衡力学性能和阻尼性能之间的矛盾,可根据实际应用需求实现材料阻尼性能和力学性能的可控调节,充分发挥复合材料可设计性强的优势.其中"RCRCR"型铺层复合材料的损耗因子达到0.0057,比纯碳纤维布复合材料的0.0018提高了2.2倍,而拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别达到381.6 MPa和21.5 GPa,比纯苎麻纤维板提高了4.6倍和97.2%.最后,对混杂铺层复合材料的结构进行分析并针对阻尼性能进行有限元模拟,探讨了不同铺层方式影响复合材料力学性能和阻尼性能的规律,并对其他混杂铺层的复合材料的共振频率和损耗因子进行预测,为结构阻尼材料的设计提供一定的参考依据.Ramie fiber cloth with excellent damping property and strong carbon fiber cloth were laid alternatively to prepare the epoxy resin matrix composites via VARAM（ vacuum resin absorbable molding）process. Firstly,the mechanical properties were estimated,including the dynamic mechanical property,the static mechanical property and the impact crack toughness. Next,vibration characteristics were studied by the measurement of the resonance frequency and the damping factors. The results indicated that the contradiction between the damping properties and the mechanical properties could be balanced by the hybrid plies of the ramie fiber cloth and the carbon fiber cloth. Consequently,it was able to reach the purpose of controllable regulation of the damping properties and the mechanical properties and give full play to remarkable designing advantages of composites. Among them,the composite with ＂RCRCR＂lay-up achieved loss factor as high as0. 0057,2. 2 times more than that of the pure carbon fiber cloth composite,and tensile strength as much as381. 6 MPa,4. 6 times more than that of the pure ramie fiber cloth composite. In the end,the structure of hybrid laminated composite was analyzed and the finite element analysis on damping properties were carried out in order to study the internal reason of influence of different plies on the mechanical and damping properties of the composite. Furthermore,the resonance frequencies and loss factors of the composites with other plies were predicted,and it could support some references for the design of the structural damping composites.

关 键 词：苎麻纤维 VARM 混杂铺层复合材料 有限元法 阻尼 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]