2010-2014年我国HIV感染病例的晚发现隋况分析  

Analysis on the ＇late diagnosis＇ （LD） phenomena among newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in China, 2010-2014

作　　者：金霞[1] 熊燃[1] 王丽艳[2] 毛宇嵘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心综合防治与评估室,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心流行病学室,北京102206

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2016年第2期218-221,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的 分析2010-2014年我国新发现艾滋病病例的晚发现情况。方法 从我国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中选择2010-2014年新发现的HIV/AIDS病例,按照目前我国使用的晚发现定义标准,分析不同情况下的晚发现比例。结果 2010-2014年全国新发现的HIV/AIDS例数分别为64 338、74 517、82 434、90 119和103 501例,晚发现比例依次为41.8%、42.1%、38.1%、36.8%和35.5%。其中,医疗机构晚发现病例所占比例高（≥45%）（χ^2=5 174,P〈0.000 1）;异性传播途径感染病例的晚发现比例均在40%以上,明显高于同性和注射吸毒途径感染病例（χ^2=3 066,P〈0.000 1）;常住人口晚发现比例均〉39%,高于流动人口（低于30%）（χ^2=5 265,P〈 0.000 1）。结论 随着我国艾滋病检测覆盖面不断扩大,发现病例数逐年增多,晚发现病例所占比例较高,其中医疗机构晚发现更为严重,亟需采取更有效的策略和措施促进高危行为人群早期检测。Objective To analyze the＇late diagnoses＇（LD） phenomena among newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in China from 2010 to 2014.Methods Newly identified HIV/AIDS cases from 2010 to 2014 were selected from the National HIV/AIDS comprehensive information system.Rates related to LD were stratified according to the demographic indicators.Results From 2010 to 2014, numbers of newly identified HIV/AIDS cases were reported as 64 338, 74 517, 82 434, 90 119 and 103 501 in China.Among them, proportions of LD were 41.8%, 42.1%, 38.1%, 36.8% and 35.5% respectively.LD proportions appeared high in medical settings, with the minimum proportion as 45%（χ^2=5 174, P〈0.000 1）.Proportion of LD among patients who were heterosexually transmitted appeared over 40%, which was significantly higher than that seen among men who have sex with men or injecting drug users（χ^2=3 066, P〈0.000 1）.Proportion of LD showed more than 39% in those newly identified cases, and was seen higher in permanent residents than in floating population（less than 30%）（χ^2=5 265, P〈0.000 1）.Conclusion With the expansion testing coverage on HIV, newly identified HIV/AIDS increased year by year.Among the newly identified cases, late diagnosis was high, especially in medical institutions.More effective strategies and measures are needed to promote the early detection of HIV in high risk population.

关 键 词：艾滋病 新发现病例 晚发现 医疗机构 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]