我国50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者／艾滋病患者特征分析  

Characteristics of HIV infections among over 50-year-olds population in China

作　　者：王丽艳[1] 秦倩倩[1] 葛琳[1] 丁正伟[1] 蔡畅[1] 郭巍[1] 崔岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心流行病学室,北京102206

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2016年第2期222-226,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的 分析中国50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者（HIV/AIDS）人口学、行为学和时空分布特征。方法 通过全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集并分析我国50岁及以上HIV/AIDS人口学、行为学和首次CD4^＋T淋巴细胞（CD4）检测信息,并根据CD4计数水平推算这些病例可能感染时间和感染年龄。结果 2008年以来,我国每年新发现的50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例数逐年上升,2014年报告50岁及以上病例数是2008年的4.2倍,以异性性传播为主（占88.0%）。其中,83.9%自述有非婚异性性接触史,该比例逐年上升。其中男性病例以非婚异性传播为主（占95.1%）,女性病例经非婚异性传播和配偶间传播分别占53.4%和46.6%。根据首次CD4检测结果推测病例感染与发现时间间隔,估计近3年感染者比例为15.5%,从感染到被发现时间间隔在8年以上者比例为43.6%。新发现的年龄50岁及以上病例中,约有66.5%的病例可能是在50岁及以后感染,从感染到被检测发现的平均时间为（6.8±2.7）年。结论 50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例数的增加是该年龄段高危行为暴露和既往感染晚期发现共同作用的结果,需以诊断病例为线索进一步开展溯源和专题调查,排查与控制影响该年龄段艾滋病流行的主要因素。Objective To analyze the characteristics on demographical, spatial distribution and transmission mode of HIV infections among 50-year-old population.Methods Related information on demography, spatial distribution, high risk behavioral and history of HIV infections among 50-year-old population were collected and analyzed.Possible time of infection based on their first CD4 testing Results right after the HIV diagnoses, was estimated.Results Since 2008, the number of new HIV/AIDS cases among the over-50-year-olds was reported increasing annually.The number of aged 50 and above in 2014 was 4.2 times than the number in 2008.50-year-old or older population were infected mainly through heterosexual behavior（88.0%）.Among these cases, 83.9% self-reported as having histories on extramarital sex intercourse and the number was increasing yearly.Among male cases who admitted as having heterosexual experience, 95.1% of them reported as having histories of extramarital sex intercourse while 53.4% of the female cases reported as having the same experiences.46.6% of spouses of the females or with fixed partners were HIV positive.Through estimating the time of infection and the time interval between infection and diagnosis, we found that the proportion was 15.5%, from infection to diagnosis as 3 years among the 50 and older age groups, but the proportion of 8 years from infection to diagnosis was 43.6%.We estimated that 66.5% of the new HIV cases who were at age 50 and over, were infected when they were at that age span.The average time from infection and being tested was（6.8±2.7） years.Conclusion The increasing number of being diagnosed on HIV among the 50-year-olds population might be related to both high risk exposure and belated diagnoses among this population, calling for the necessity of deriving the sources of HIV infection and tailoring the HIV prevention strategies in this population.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者 年龄 流行特征 感染时间 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]