发掘地方文献中的城市景观精神意向——以什刹海历史文化保护区为例  

On the Spiritual Images of a City from its Local Literatures——Take Shichahai Historical District as an Example

作　　者：周尚意[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2016年第1期4-12,共9页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271152)

摘　　要：文化传承是城市发展的重要议题,而城市历史文化的重要来源是地方文献。地方文献对城市景观的描写融入了作者对景观的美学感受、情感体验和价值取向等抽象文化,因而可以作为城市景观规划的重要参考。本文借助列斐伏尔三个空间的概念,梳理了什刹海地区的地方文献,分析了文人的空间想象和审美体验,结合城市规划实践得出如下结论:第一,地方文献提供给什刹海景观规划的精神文化内核是文人的家乡情怀和自然观;第二,地方文献为什刹海景观规划提供了两类特殊的文化空间表征形式——空间联想和空间关联;第三,什刹海地区的景观规划应保护与上述两类空间表征相对应的实体要素,并在关键地点设立标志物,通过意景—意境转换等具体手法,让景观成为场所想象的依托,让保护区的文化传承具有更深厚的精神内核。The inheritance of historical cultural is an important topic of urban development. Local literature is a significant source of a city＇s culture. Local literature has not only the names and locations of the landscapes,but also the descriptions of them. The latter shows the intangible cultures of the authors,such as their aesthetics, emotions and values towards a landscape. Thus the descriptions provide an important reference for urban landscape planning. This paper analyses the local historical literature of Shichahai District in Beijing by using the concepts of three spaces associated with Henry Lefebvre. Following are the conclusions made： Firstly,the spiritual cores that local literature provides for the landscape planning of Shichahai District are the nostalgia of Chinese intellectuals and their views of nature. Secondly,local literature provides two kinds of representation. One is the imagination of a place,and the other is the association with a given place.Thirdly,based on the place representations and place associations in the local literature,It＇s suggested that the landscape planning of Shichahai District should set up specific way to highlight the meaningful and key landscapes in this area. They can help people to imagine the place view in the minds of ancient intellectuals,and further identify the aesthetics of the landscapes in this district.

关 键 词：地方文献 空间的表征 历史文化保护区 景观规划 

分 类 号：K901.6[历史地理—人文地理学] G122[文化科学]