乌蒙山重点地区地下水水化学特征及成因分析  

Hydrochemical Characteristics Study and Genetic Analysis of Groundwater in a Key Region of the Wumeng Mountain,Southwestern China

作　　者：洪涛[1] 谢运球[1] 喻崎雯[1] 赵一[1] 赵光帅 杨丽超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《地球与环境》2016年第1期11-18,共8页Earth and Environment

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(12120113052500);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务项目(121237128100259)

摘　　要：乌蒙山区是中国西南贫困连片分布区,水资源短缺问题已成为制约当地生态环境建设和社会经济发展的重要因素。本文选取乌蒙山重点地区赫章县和纳雍县作为研究区,采用描述性统计、Piper三线图、相关性分析和离子比例系数法对地下水化学特征及成因进行了分析。结果表明:(1)Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)为地下水中主要阳离子,HCO-3和SO2-4为地下水中主要阴离子,微量元素检出率较高,部分含量超标。HCO3·SO4-Ca型、HCO3-Ca型、HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg型为主要地下水水化学类型;(2)碳酸盐的溶解作用和硫化物的氧化作用是地下水中两种主要的水文地球化学过程,共同决定了地下水的离子构成和水化学类型,部分地区还存在石膏和岩盐的溶解,人类活动对地下水也有一定的影响。The Wumeng Mountain area is a continuous-spread poverty region which is located in Southwestern China. Water shortage has become a big obstacle to eco-environmental construction and socio-economic development in this area. This paper took Hezhang and Nayong Counties as a study area,used methods of descriptive statistics,piper diagram,correlation matrices and ionic ratios to systemically analyze hydrochemistry characteristics of groundwater. The main conclusion was as follows.（ 1） Ca2＋and Mg2＋were the main cations in groundwater with HCO-3and SO2-4being occupied ations. Some trace elements had high detection ratios and some of them exceed the 5th class standard of the quality of groundwater such as Mn and Pb. HCO3·SO4-Ca,HCO3-Ca and HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg were the main hydrochemical types with some very small differences between groundwater of recharge area and discharge area;（ 2） Carbonate weathering and oxidation of metal sulfide were the main hydrogeochemical processes which determined the chemical composition and hydrochemistry types of groundwater,besides,gypsum and rock salt weathering existed in some areas. In addition,human activities had an impact on water quality. This study can be used as a reference for exploitation and utilization of groundwater in this area.

关 键 词：岩溶地下水 水化学特征 离子比值 乌蒙山 

分 类 号：P641.12[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]