宋代两浙路处州府市镇探析  

A Research on Towns in Chuzhou of Zhejiang in Song Dynasty

作　　者：黄琦[1] 汪波[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学城市与区域发展研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《丽水学院学报》2016年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Lishui University

摘　　要：宋代是古代城市发展的转折期,特别是草市的兴起,为之后市镇的形成和发展奠定了基础。北宋,草市在全国全面兴起,处州府也不例外;至南宋,随着宋室南迁,国家政治中心转移,处州府草市数量明显增加,一些草市升格为市镇。并且,在同一时期,处州龙泉窑进入快速发展阶段,使处州府市镇带有明显的陶瓷手工业色彩。虽然南宋时期优越的社会环境和龙泉青瓷的发展使处州府市镇得到较快发展,但是由于经历朝代更迭和青瓷产业衰落的打击,加上自身客观地理环境的制约,延续至今的古市镇只余松阳古市镇、缙云壶镇镇二镇。市镇的兴起和衰落都受到了人为政策因素的影响。Song Dynasty is a critical period of transition in ancient city development. During that period,the springing up of fairs laid a solid foundation for the later emergence and development of market towns. In the Northern Song Dynasty,fairs sprung up across the country and Chuzhou was by no means an exception. In the Southern Song Dynasty,the number of fairs increased significantly and some fairs developed into market towns with the capital city of the dynasty moving southward and the subsequent transfer of the political center of the state. Meanwhile,the celadon kilns at Longquan entered a period of rapid development,which endowed the market towns in Chuzhou a distinctive feature of ceramic handicraft. Based on previous studies and archaic literatures,this paper investigates the emergence and development of the market towns in Chuzhou from both the perspectives of natural and human factors. The result indicates that as the consequence of the combined impact from the vicissitudes of dynasties,the decline of the celadon industry and the limitation of geographical location,only two towns,namely,Gushi and Huzhen have lasted to date,regardless of the fact that the towns in Chuzhou used to develop very fast owing to the superior social conditions and the development of celadon industry in the Southern Song Dynasty. A close exploration reveals that human and policy factors had a greater effect on the rise and decline of the towns in Chuzhou.

关 键 词：宋代 处州府 市镇 龙泉窑 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]