不同灌溉方法对宁夏葡萄园土壤二氧化碳和甲烷排放的影响  

Effect of Different Irrigation Methods on Carbon Dioxide and Methane Emissions in Ningxia Vineyards

作　　者：张亚捷[1] 牛海山[1] 汪诗平[2] Andreas Wilkes 徐坤[4] 吴旭东[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [3]世界农用林业研究中心,北京100081 [4]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第1期17-21,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：亚洲发展银行咨询项目(RETA 6422)

摘　　要：采用静态箱-气相色谱法对不同灌溉方法(滴灌、沟灌)及相应施肥管理下的葡萄园土壤CO_2和CH_4排放进行了原位观测。结果表明,2012年与2013年生长季之中,不同灌溉方法显著影响葡萄园土壤CO_2和CH4的排放。以滴灌替换沟灌后,2012年CO_2与CH4减排量分别达到(3 530.34±1 611.97)kg/(hm2·a)和(0.392±0.424)kg/(hm^2·a),2013年则分别达到(2 198.43±713.97)kg/(hm^2·a)和(0.136±0.192)kg/(hm2·a),且2012年与2013年不同灌溉处理间CO_2排放量均差异显著;若将宁夏全区沟灌葡萄园全部改造为滴灌葡萄园,则2012年和2013年GWP减排总量(以CO_2计)将达到7 077.14万kg与4 402.58万kg。滴灌能有效抑制土壤CO_2与CH_4的排放损失,更具温室气体减排潜力。The situ observation was conducted by using the static chamber-gas chromatograph technique to observe the soil CO2 and CH4emissions under drip irrigation and furrow irrigation.The results showed that,during the growing seasons in 2012 and 2013,soil CO2 and CH4emissions were significantly affected by different irrigation methods in the vineyard.Compared to furrow irrigation,the annual CO2 and CH4emissions reductions under drip irrigation reached（3 530.34±1611.97）kg/（hm-2·a）and（0.392±0.424）kg/（hm-2·a）in 2012,and（2 198.43±713.97）kg/（hm2·a）and（0.136±0.192）kg/（hm-2·a）in 2013;The differences between the CO2 emissions under different irrigation treatments were both significant（p0.05）in 2012 and 2013.If modifying all the existing furrow irrigation vineyards to drip irrigation vineyards in Ningxia,the Global Warming Potential（GWP）reduction amounts of CO2 and CH4 emissions could be estimated as about 70 771 400 kg CO2equivalent in 2012 and 44 025 800 kg CO2equivalent in 2013 respectively.Thus,drip irrigation system which can effectively inhibit the purge losses of CO2 and CH4 emission from soil is an irrigation method and has greater reduction potential for emissions of CO2 and CH4.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 甲烷 葡萄园 滴水灌溉 全球增温潜势 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S275[农业科学—园艺学]