重粉质壤土坡面细沟侵蚀发育规律实验分析  

Experimental Analysis of Development Regularities of Rill Erosion on Heavy Silty Loam Sloping Surface

作　　者：薛姣姣[1] 王健[1,2] 李鹤[1] 王友[1] 周米京[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第1期67-70,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101268;D010505);西北农林科技大学科技创新项目(QN2011152)

摘　　要：通过室内放水冲刷实验,研究了重粉质壤土在5种不同坡度下细沟侵蚀发育的水动力学特性、细沟水流含沙量的变化以及细沟断面的发育规律。结果表明,流量为700L/h条件下,细沟断面沟宽、沟深均随坡度的增加而增加,沟深与沟宽发育速度正相关;宽深比随着坡度的增大而减小,各坡度的宽深比均稳定在1.5-2之间;细沟断面形态系数变化于0.418-0.892之间,随着细沟的发育逐渐增大,细沟断面形态由宽浅形向窄深形发育;坡面细沟水流流速伴随细沟的发育而减小,可用幂函数方程描述;细沟水流含沙量随细沟发育逐渐趋于稳定,与细沟断面形态系数正相关。The development law of dynamic characteristics,sediment concentration change and rill crosssectional morphology of rill erosion of the heavy silty loam in five different slopes were carried out through inside flume experiment.The results showed that under the flow of 700L/h,rill cross section parameters of rill width and rill depth increased with the slope grade rising,the development speed of rill depth was positively correlated with rill width and the width depth ratio of each slope was stable from 1.5to 2;Width depth ratio decreased with the increase of slope,characterization of rill cross-section developed from wide shallow form to narrow deep form,and cross section morphological coefficient varied from 0.418-0.892 and was gradually increasing with the development of rill.The rill flow velocity decreased with the development of rill,and could be described by index equation;The sediment concentration was basically stable with the development of rill and positively related to the cross section morphological coefficient.

关 键 词：细沟侵蚀 水力学特性 水流含沙量 断面形态参数 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]