预防神经外科吸入性肺炎护理管理流程的构建与应用  

The construction and application of preventive nursing management process against aspiration pneumonia for neurosurgery patients

作　　者：尚旭丽[1] 吴芳[1] 赵明红[1] 吴益芬[1] 包玉美[1] 

机构地区：[1]丽水市人民医院神经外科,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2016年第2期32-34,共3页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的建立一套规范实用的预防神经外科患者吸入性肺炎护理管理流程,降低吸入性肺炎发生率。方法将2014年1-12月神经外科患者315例作为干预组,使用神经外科预防误吸高危因素评估表对患者吸入性肺炎危险因素进行预见性及动态评估,制定并落实护理综合管理方案,通过防误吸护理评价单对护理质量进行监控。将2013年1~12月274例神经外科患者作为对照组,使用传统护理方法。比较两组吸入性肺炎发生率及患者满意度。结果干预组吸入性肺炎发生率显著低于对照组,患者及家属满意率显著高于对照组（均P〈0.01）。结论实施预防吸入性肺炎护理管理流程,针对神经外科患者误吸危险因素实施护理,确保每项护理措施安全有效落实,可有效减少患者吸入性肺炎的发生。Objective To establish a set of standardized and practical nursing management process against aspiration pneumonia for neurosurgery patients,so as to reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.Methods Totally 315 patients adimitted in 2014 were chosen as an intervention group,while 274 patients admitted in 2013 were selected as a control group.Patients in the former group were evaluated using an aspiration pneumonia risk assessment sheet,followed by targeted nursing plans comprehensive management solution,and quality control according to an anti-aspiration pneumonia evaluation sheet.The control group was given traditional nursing.The incidence of aspiration pneumonia and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group,while the patient satisfaction of the former was significantly higher than the latter（P〈0.01 for all）.Conclusion The implementation of nursing management process against aspiration pneumonia focuses on the aspiration risk factors in nursing,and makes sure the safety and effectiveness of each nursing intervention,which can effectively reduce the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.

关 键 词：神经外科 误吸 吸入性肺炎 护理管理流程 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]