压力传感器用于预防老年俯卧位手术患者压疮的效果  

The preventive effect of pressure sensors against pressure sores among elderly patients placed in prone-position for surgeries

作　　者：赵峰[1] 周学颖[1] 吴桂芬[1] 王萃[2] 王莹莹[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学中日联谊医院手术室,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林大学中日联谊医院信息中心,吉林长春130033 [3]吉林大学中日联谊医院甲状腺外科,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2016年第2期56-58,共3页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的观察压力传感器在预防老年俯卧位手术患者术中面部压疮的应用效果,以降低术中体位性压疮的发生。方法将行全麻俯卧位脊柱后路手术的老年患者200例随机分为对照组和观察组,每组100例。两组按常规方法摆放手术体位,使用马鞍形硅胶头托固定头颈部,对照组巡回护士根据临床经验,每30分钟转换头部受压部位1次。观察组马鞍形硅胶头托内放置压力传感器,巡回护士根据计算机显示高数值部位,每30分钟转换头部受压部位。结果术后不同时间观察组面部皮肤受损程度显著低于对照组(均P<0.01)。术后0.5h,观察组仅2例处于Ⅰ级皮肤损伤,而对照组仍有12例处于Ⅰ级皮肤损伤,1例处于Ⅱ级皮肤损伤,且术后12h有2例皮肤损伤由Ⅰ级进展到Ⅱ级。结论使用压力传感器可有效降低俯卧位手术老年患者面部皮肤压疮的发生,对于老年患者面部皮肤及器官的保护具有积极意义。Objective To probe into the preventive effect of pressure sensors against facial pressure sores among elderly patients placed in prone-position for surgeries,in an effort to minimize the incidence of position-related intra-operative pressure sores.Methods Totally 200 elderly patients to receive posterior spinal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,each of 100 according to a random number table.During the operation,patients of both groups were placed in prone-position,with the head and neck fixed with saddle-shaped head support.For the control group,the nurses on patrol would change the head position of patients every 30 minutes based on their clinical experience and skin conditions of patients.For the observation group,apressure sensor was put in the silica gel head support,and nurses would also change the head position of patients every 30 minutes to relieve the site under the highest pressure.Results Compared with the control group,the facial damage of patients in the observation group was significantly milder at different time points after the operation（P〈0.01 for all）.At 0.5hour after the operation,only 2cases from the observation group suffered from level I facial skin damage.For the control group,however,there were 12 cases showing level I skin damage,1case of levelⅡ skin damage.Moreover,2cases of level I skin damage had progressed into levelⅡ12hours after the operation in the control group.Conclusion Pressure sensors work effectively in reducing the incidence of facial pressure sores among elderly patients placed in prone-position during operation,which is helpful to the protection of their facial skin and organs.

关 键 词：老年人 脊柱后路手术 俯卧位 压疮 压力传感器 手术体位 

分 类 号：R472.3[医药卫生—护理学]