基于Kaiser模型的灾害脆弱性分析用于护理应急管理  

Emergency preparedness and response in nursing practice based on the Kaiser Permanente Hazard Vulnerability Analysis tool

作　　者：罗健[1] 钱英[1] 龚斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院护理部,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2016年第3期51-53,73,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的采用Kaiser模型进行护理灾害脆弱性分析与改进,提高护理应急管理的水平与效率。方法对护理工作中可能发生的8项自然灾害事件、16项技术故障灾害事件、20项人员损害事件、3项有害物质灾害事件运用Kaiser评估工具,由9名护理专家进行评估后分析结果并对各类事件进行危险值排名;针对排名前5位的事件进行根本原因分析,改进应急流程并进行演练。结果位于护理类灾害事件前5位的是跌倒及坠床、护理人员针刺伤、化疗药物外渗、用药错误及信息系统故障灾害事件,改进后较改进前分别减少33.3%、30.8%、100%、22.2%、0。结论 Kaiser模型进行灾害脆弱性分析对护理应急管理具有较好的指导作用,能帮助管理者识别本系统中的薄弱点并提前预防。Objective To improve the level and efficiency of emergency management in nursing practice using the Kaiser Permanente Hazard Vulnerability Analysis（HVA）tool.Methods The risk of 8naturally occurring hazards,16 technologic hazards,20 human related hazards,and 3hazards involving hazardous materials in nursing practice was evaluated by 9nurse experts using the Kaiser Permanente HVA tool,then root cause analysis of the top five risk events was conducted to formulate countermeasures and improve emergency response process.Results The top five risk hazards in nrusing practice were falls,needlestick injuries,extravasation of chemotherapy drugs,medication errors,and information system breakdown.The incidence rate of these five hazaras was reduced by 33.3%,30.8%,100%,22.2%,and 0respectively after the intervention.Conclusion The Kaiser Permanente HVA tool can be used to help nursing managers identify weakness of emergency preparedness and response in nursing practice and formulate preventive measures.

关 键 词：Kaiser模型 灾害护理 灾害脆弱性分析 护理应急管理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931[医药卫生—临床医学]