2014年上海市崇明县铸造行业职业卫生现状调查  

Investigation on current situation of occupational health in foundry industry in Chongming County of Shanghai in 2014

作　　者：王锦香[1] 马吉英[1] 丁跃华[1] 丁良成[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市崇明县疾病预防控制中心,上海202150

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第2期153-155,159,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解上海市崇明县辖区内铸造企业生产环境职业卫生状况,为制定该行业防治策略提供依据。方法对该县铸造企业开展职业卫生学调查,对作业工人进行个体采样,并检测生产环境空气中矽尘的时间加权平均浓度（CTWA）。结果对84名作业人员进行个体采样,矽尘浓度范围0.5～19.9 mg/m3,平均浓度为（2.11±2.84）mg/m3;总体合格率26.2%,合格率最低的是型砂工（8.3%）;不同铸造类型矽尘浓度差异无统计学意义（χ～2=2.649,P〉0.05）;不同工种矽尘浓度合格率差异无统计学意义（χ～2=1.427,P〉0.05）。结论崇明县铸造企业职业病危害依然严重;企业应进一步加强生产工艺改革和通风排毒防护措施、改善作业环境,防治职业病的发生。[Objective]To know the occupational health status of production environment in foundry enterprises in Chongming County of Shanghai,provide the scientific evidences for developing the prevention strategy for foundry industry. [Methods]The occupational hygiene survey was conducted in the foundry enterprises. The personal sampling was performed among exposed workers,and the permissible concentration-time weighted average（CTWA）of silica dust in workplace air was detected.[Results]The personal sampling was performed among 84 exposed workers,the concentrations of silica dust were between 0.5 mg/m3 and 19.9mg/m3,and the average concentration was（2.11±2.81） mg/m3. The total qualified rate was 26.2%,and the qualified rate of moulding sand workers was the lowest（8.3%）. There was no statistically significant difference in concentrations of silica dust among different types of casting（χ2=2.649,P〉0.05）,and the difference in the qualified rate of silica dust was not statistically significant among different work posts（χ2 =1.427,P 〉0.05）. [Conclusion]The occupational hazards in foundry enterprises of Chongming County are serious. The enterprises should further strengthen the transformation of production process and protective measures,such as ventilation and toxicant defense,and improve the working environment,to effectively control the occupational disease.

关 键 词：铸造 粉尘 职业病危害 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]