典籍未收录傣药资源的增补与研究  

A Supplement and Investigation on Traditional Dai Medicine not Included in the Classics

作　　者：张丽霞[1] 李海涛[1] 张忠廉[1] 林艳芳[3] 岩罕单 何开仁 张绍云 马小军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,药用植物研究所,云南分所,云南景洪666100 [2]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]云南西双版纳民族医药研究所(西双版纳州傣医医院),云南景洪666100 [4]云南省德宏州中医医院,云南芒市678400 [5]云南普洱市民族传统医药研究所,云南普洱665000

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2016年第1期56-66,共11页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中医药行业科研专项“我国代表性区域特色中药资源保护利用”(全国第四次中药资源试点普查项目)(201207002);云南省世居少数民族文化精品工程项目“《中国傣药志》编研”

摘　　要：目的:丰富我国的傣药资源,为傣药资源的开发和利用提供参考。方法:采用文献资料查阅、野外调查访谈、标本采集鉴定相结合的方法,对我国傣药资源进行调查和整理,在此基础上,增补典籍未收录的傣药资源。结果:新增典籍未收录的傣药植物272种,隶属于107科,228属。从地理分布看,这些种大部分分布于我国热带亚热带地区;从药用部位来看,根及根茎类植物比例最高;从性味入塔来看,平性、苦味,入土塔和入风塔类药物较多;从治疗疾病情况看,治疗风湿类、跌打损伤、感冒、腹痛腹泻、皮肤类、胃痛胃炎、妇科类、肝病等药物较多。解药是傣医用药治病的一大突出特色,经统计新增272种傣药中有144种解药,占全部种类的52.94%。结论:我国有丰富的傣药资源,本研究明显增加了傣药的数量,提升了傣药记述的准确性和科学性,但在傣药的收集和整理方面仍存在许多问题,建议在全国第四次中药资源普查中设立民族药调查专项。Objective： This paper is aimed to enrich traditional Dai medicine in our nation and provide a reference for development and utilization of traditional Dai medicine. Methods： Through consulting relevant literature, open field survey and interview, specimen collection and identification, we investigated and sorted out data of traditional Dai medicine in China. On this basis, we replenish some traditional Dai medicine not included in the classics. Results： 272 plants used as traditional Dai medicine were added which belongs to 107 family and 228 genus. In teruas of geographical distribution, most of these species is distributed in tropical and subtropical areas in China; when it comes to medicinal part, root and rhizome of plants account for the highest proportion; from nature, flavor and channel tropism points of view, there is more medicine that is neutral, bitter-tasted and possesses earth and wind element; in terms of treatment of diseases, more drugs can be used to treat rheumatism, bruises, cold, abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin diseases, stomachache, gastritis, gynecological diseases and hepatopathy. Using antidote is one of the notable features of drugs use for the doctors there, statistical analysis showed that there are 144 antidotes in the additional 272 traditional Dai medicine, which occupy 52. 94% of all. Conclusion： The resource of traditional Dai medicine is abundant in China. An increasing number of traditional Dai medicine is shown in this study and the description of Dai medicine is more accurate and scientific, however, various problems still exist in the data collection and filing of Dai medicine. We suggest that a special investigation of national medicine in the fourth national Chinese materia medica resource survey should be established.

关 键 词：傣药植物 新增名录 地理分布 药用特点 

分 类 号：R295.3[医药卫生—民族医学]