加强体力活动指导对提高民众体质健康之作用研究——基于对“健康日本21”实施效果的考察  

The Guidance of Physical Activity as the Key for Improving Health and Fitness——Investigation on the Implementation Effect of “Healthy Japan 21”

作　　者：黄亚茹[1] 郭静[2] 王正珍[2] 曹晓娜[2] 胡曼玲 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学体育与艺术教学部,北京100094 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084 [3]扬州大学附属中学体育教研室,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2016年第1期39-47,共9页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12BTY034)

摘　　要：2000年,日本政府启动第三次国民健康促进计划——健康日本21,将健康促进的工作重点转向慢性病的早期预防,提高国民的体质健康水平。2010年,日本政府对"健康日本21"第一期(2000—2010)进行了评价,发现其提高国民体质健康水平的成效有限,认为体力活动指导力度不够是造成上述现象的重要原因。因此,日本政府在"健康日本21"第二期(2013—2022)实施过程中,不仅制定并实施了"增进健康的运动基准"及"增进健康的运动指南",从加强日常生活中的体力活动着手提高民众科学锻炼的自我指导与督促能力,而且通过提倡"体医结合"的科学健身模式,加大既有医学知识又能指导运动健身的"健康运动指导员"培养力度,呼吁地方政府、社会团体积极参与等措施提升科学健身的外部指导力,以达到预防慢性病、助力体质健康增进的目的。在解读日本政府"健康日本21"第一期(2000—2010)工作评价及"健康日本21"第二期(2013—2022)工作规划的基础上,从建立"体医结合"的联动管理机制、加强体力活动指导等方面为我国运动防控慢性病的工作提出建议。In 2000,the Japanese government began the third national health promotion programs —Healthy Japan 21,focusing on the chronic disease prevention,in order to improve the national health and fitness. In 2010,the government summarized the first stage of＂Healthy Japan 21＂（ 2000- 2010）,and found its limited effects on the health and fitness improving,which was due to the lack of guidance in physical activity. During the second stage of＂Healthy Japan 21＂（ 2013- 2022）,therefore,the government improves the internal guidance force by implementing the ＂Exercise Reference for Health＂and＂Exercise Guide for Health ＂,in order to achieve the purpose of chronic disease prevention and fitness improving through the participation of people. At the same time,the government improves the external guidance force by promoting the fitness mode combined with medicine and sports,training the＂Health Exercise Instructor＂and mobilizing the local government and social groups to participate in it. Based on the work summary of＂Healthy Japan 21＂（ 2000- 2010） and the work plan of＂Healthy Japan 21＂（ 2013- 2022）,the paper suggested the linkage management mode combined with medicine and sports,and the increasing methods of guidance in physical activity,for improving the health and fitness in China.

关 键 词：“健康日本21” 体力活动指导 体医结合 慢性病预防 体质健康 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]