江西典型土壤条件下烤烟叶片细胞超微结构比较研究  

Comparative Study on Ultrastructure of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf Cells under Representative Soil Conditions in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：路小改 张松涛[1] 程谦 连文力 张嘉炜[1] 何朋朋[1] 崔红[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南郑州450002 [2]江西省烟草公司抚州市烟草公司广昌分公司,江西广昌344900

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2016年第1期51-55,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西烟叶物质代谢规律及调控研究(201201003)

摘　　要：为比较江西不同植烟土壤条件下烟草叶片细胞结构的差异,选取旱地紫色土和水田砂壤土为典型代表,以主栽品种K326(Nicotiana tabacumc L.cv.K326)为材料,采用透射电镜技术,对叶片发育过程中细胞的淀粉粒、叶绿体、细胞核等细胞器的动态变化进行了观察比较。结果发现:不同土壤条件下,叶片细胞结构变化规律基本一致,随着叶片发育成熟,细胞核解体、淀粉粒积累、嗜锇颗粒增多、叶绿体降解、类囊体片层减少。2种土壤条件相比,水田沙壤土条件下烟叶细胞中内含物积累更为丰富,淀粉粒和嗜锇颗粒数目较多,体积较大;在叶片成熟后期,水田沙壤土条件下烟叶细胞降解更为彻底,细胞核解体,叶绿体膜消失,类囊体片层变薄。由此推测,江西水田沙壤土条件有利于烟叶细胞内含物的积累及成熟后期的降解;旱地紫色土条件有利于烟叶细胞中叶绿体的发育,发达的类囊体片层可能与旱地紫色土烟叶的特色风格密切相关。To compare the different effect of soil conditions on the cellular ultrastructure of flue-cured tobacco in Guangchang county of Jiangxi province,Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. K326 was planted in two regions of Guangchang,where was typical sandy loam paddy soil and dryland purple soil,respectively. The dynamic condition of cell ultrastructure of starch grain,osmiophilic globule,thylakoid and cell nucleus of flue-cured tobacco leaf cells planted in these two soil conditions were compared using scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） technique under different developmental stage. The results showed that the leaf cell structure on different soil conditions showed little difference,cell nucleus broke up,starch grain accumulated,the amount of osmiophilic globule increased,chloroplast degraded and the amount of thylakoid decreased with the development to mature of the leaves. Compared these two kinds of soil conditions,which found that the accumulation of cell inclusion was more abundant,alsothe number of starch grain and osmiophilic globule were increased,and the volume became bigger. Especially in the late maturation stage,when the disintegration of tobacco leaf cells was more thoroughly,the cell nucleus broke up,the membrane of chloroplast disappeared and thylakoid lamellas became thinner on the sandy loam paddy soil. Based on the above speculated that the accumulation of tobacco leaf cell inclusions and the degradation in the late maturity could be benefited on the sandy loam paddy soil condition,the development of chloroplast of leaf cells could be benefited on the dryland purple soil condition,in which the abundant thylakoids might be closely related the tobacco characteristic style on the dryland purple soil in Jiangxi province.

关 键 词：土壤 烟草 叶片 超微结构 

分 类 号：S155[农业科学—土壤学]