亚热带马尾松林恢复过程中物种丰富度及生物量变化  

Variation of Biomass and Species Richness in Subtropical Forest Based on Pinus massoniana Succession

作　　者：高一飞[1,2] 张静[1,2] 唐旭利[1] 王万同[3] 尹光彩[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河南师范大学旅游学院,河南新乡453007 [4]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第1期22-29,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(XDA05050000);中国森林生态系统固碳现状;速率;机制和潜力(XDA05050200)

摘　　要：马尾松林恢复过程中物种丰富度及生物量变化有助于了解该过程中物种多样性及碳汇功能的变化。选取亚热带东部湿润地区的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林、针阔叶混交林及常绿阔叶林样地构建马尾松林自然恢复系列,通过比较不同森林中生物量和物种丰富度的变化探讨马尾松林恢复过程中碳汇功能以及物种多样性的变化。依据中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化碳收支认证及相关问题"之森林课题调查数据库中亚热带东部湿润地区的部分数据进行物种多样性和生物量的分析,分别计算不同胸径(diameter at breast height,DBH)等级(1 cm≤DBH<5 cm、5 cm≤DBH<10 cm、10 cm≤DBH<20cm、DBH≥20 cm)以及群落总的物种丰富度和生物量,采用Tukey多重比较以及简单线性回归的方法分析不同森林类型之间生物量以及物种丰富度的差异,并探索物种丰富度与生物量之间的关系。结果表明亚热带东部地区的马尾松林、针阔叶混交林以及常绿阔叶林的总平均生物量分别为(114.74±4.82)、(124.99±4.99)、(220.9±8.62)t·hm-2,总物种丰富度分别为(5.81±0.61)、(17.55±1.17)、(23.71±2.04),在马尾松林转变为针阔叶混交林的过程中群落的物种数量显著增加(P=0.000),但碳贮量增加不明显(P=0.305);在针阔叶混交林转变为常绿阔叶林的过程中碳贮量显著增加(P=0.000)且生物量向大个体(DBH≥20 cm)的方向集中,但群落整体的物种数量增加不明显(P=0.159)。总体而言,亚热带地区所选森林中物种丰富度与生物量之间未表现出良好的线性关系,但针阔叶混交林的大个体(DBH≥5 cm)以及3种森林类型的小个体(DBH<5cm)的物种丰富度与生物量之间呈现显著的线性相关。研究表明,亚热带东部湿润地区森林中小径级的个体生物量随物种丰富度增加其变化趋势明显,增加小个体的物种丰富度既能够促进群落中资源的利用效率,又能够促进More and more concentration are concentrated on the stable terrestrial carbon sinks with the increasing of atmospheric CO2 concentration. Afforestation and reforestation are believed to be effective measures to increase the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink. However, most afforestation stands are fast growing pure species. Accordingly, such forests are vulnerable to environmental stresses. Compared with afforestation stands, natural forests or climax forests are rich in species composition and therefore have strong resistance for stress. To understand the relationship between biodiversity and carbon density is important to evaluate ecosystem service comprehensively, and also important for forest management. In this study, Forests which represent the natural successional sequence in the eastern subtropical of China were selected in order to investigate the relation of biomass and species richness. We selected 316 forest plots including pine (Pinus massoniana) forests (PF), mixed coniferous and broadleaved forests (MF), and evergreen broadleaved forests (BF) from the database of the strategic pilot research program carried out by the Chinese Academy of Sciences during 2011─2015. Biomass and species richness of each plot was estimated, for a further comparison, trees were classified into 4 size groups according to diameter at breast height (DBH), including 1 cm≤ DBH < 5 cm, 5 cm≤ DBH < 10 cm, 10 cm≤ DBH < 20 cm, and DBH > 20 cm. Multiple comparison was used to compare the difference of biomass or the difference of species richness among different successional stages, and simple linear regression was used to explore the relationship between biomass and species richness. The results showed that the mean value of total biomass in PF, MF and BF were (114.74±4.82), (124.99±4.99) and (220.9±8.62) t·hm-2, respectively, and the species richness was (5.81±0.61), (17.55±1.17), (23.71±2.04), respectively. Compared with PF, species richness of MF increased significantly (P=0.000), while no great difference existe

关 键 词：马尾松 常绿阔叶林 物种丰富度 生物量 亚热带 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]