无瓣海桑群落特征研究  

Community Characteristics of Sonneratia apetala

作　　者：刘莉娜[1,2] 胡长云 李凤兰[4] 孙红斌 昝启杰[2,4] 廖文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学大学院/广东省热带亚热带植物资源重点实验室,广州510275 [2]深圳市野生动物救护中心,广东深圳518048 [3]深圳市绿九洲园林绿化有限公司,广东深圳518040 [4]深圳大学生命科学学院,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第1期41-48,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470513);深圳市城市管理局项目(201420)

摘　　要：为确定无瓣海桑林的群落特征,以深圳湾为例,采用固定样地取样法,对不同年龄的无瓣海桑林（人工林：3a 和5a,天然林：8,11,13,18a）的群落组成、结构、物种多样性进行了研究.结果表明：无瓣海桑为优势种群且优势显著,群落共有4-7个不同种群,但种群多度不随群落年龄的增加而增加;乡土种桐花树（Aegiceras corniculatum）、秋茄（Kandelia obovata）、老鼠簕（Acanthus ilicifolius）进入人工林或天然林群落下层,并随群落年龄增长,逐渐进入幼树层、乔木亚层.群落垂直结构随群落年龄的增加而复杂,群落垂直结构的形成较快,从3a 较简单,到8,11,13a 较复杂,再到18a 各个高度级均有分布的复杂结构,而乔木上层主要由无瓣海桑占据;群落多样性指数（Ds,Dh,Dm）、均匀度指数（Js,Jm）并随年龄的增加呈现先增加后减少的趋势;群落不同层次的物种多样性指数未呈现“幼苗层跃幼树-灌木层跃乔木层”的递减规律.无瓣海桑群落结构特征有别于陆地森林群落和乡土红树林群落.In order to study the community characteristics of Sonneratia apetala, an investigation on six different age(a) communities of Sonneratia apetala was conducted in Shenzhen Bay, Futian, including two natural(3a and 5a) and four artificial(8, 11, 15, 18a)communities. S. apetala was the dominant species in all communities with a total of 4-7 mangrove plant species, with species abundance similar in different communities. Native species, such as Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia obovata and Acanthus ilicifolius, occupied the lower layer of natural community, and with the increase of age developed into sapling layer and/or arbor sub layer in artificial communities. Vertical structure of community rapidly developed from simple in 3a to complex thereafter. 18 a community had all height classes of vertical structure. Diversity index(Ds, Dh and Dm) and evenness index(Js and Jm) increased then decreased with the increase of age. The richness and species diversity index of other land forest community sapling layer >shrub layer > arbor layer could not be found in these S. apetala communities. The community characteristics of Sonneratia apetala were different from land forest and native mangrove.

关 键 词：深圳湾 无瓣海桑 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]