动态扰动下硬岩矿柱损伤演化特征  

Damage Evolution Characteristic of Hard-rock Pillars Under Dynamic Disturbance

作　　者：卢宏建[1,2] 梁鹏 甘德清[1,2] 孙光华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山市063009 [2]河北省矿业开发与安全技术实验室,河北唐山市063009

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2016年第2期62-65,共4页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51374087);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2014209093)

摘　　要：为研究多次开挖卸荷扰动下矿柱的损伤情况,结合典型铁矿床物理原型,基于损伤力学与微元强度统计理论,构建了3阶段9矿房的RFPA数值计算模型,对硬岩矿床多次开挖卸荷扰动下采场矿柱的声发射特征分析后,以声发射能量表征损伤值,揭示了在水平和垂直方向多个相邻采场往复开挖卸荷扰动下矿柱的累计损伤规律。研究结果表明:同一阶段的矿房开挖声发射能量大致相同,但声发射位置不是均匀分布的;矿房1-4开挖都影响到了矿房1和2间柱的稳定性,其声发射能量占9个矿房开挖声发射能量的20%,产生的累计损伤最严重,为矿柱破坏敏感区域;矿房5和8开挖时对相邻矿房和对角矿房产生了卸荷扰动,使其相邻矿房的间柱和对角矿房的底柱产生了累计损伤。For investigating the damage of pillars under repeated excavation unloading, combining with the physical prototypes of typical iron ores, a numerical model for nine stopes of the third stage was established by RFPA, which was based on damage mechanics and statistical theory of infinitesimal strength. After analyzing the acoustic emission characteristics of pillars under repeated excavation unloading, the acoustic emission energy was regarded as damage value. Thereby, the cumulative damage law of pillars under repeated unloading disturbance was revealed for several adjacent stopes along horizontal and vertical direction. The results showed that, the acoustic emission energy was roughly identical in the same stage of stope, hut the positions of the acoustic emission were not evenly distributed. The excavation of stopes 1-4, whose acoustic emission energy accounted for 20% of nine stopes, would affect the stability of spacer pillar in stopes 1 and 2. Meanwhile, the stopes 1-4, having the most serious cumulative damage, was regarded as sensitive areas of pillar damage. And the excavation of stopes 5 and 8 caused unloading disturbance on adjacent and diagonal stopes, so that cumulative damage would occur in the spacer pillar of adjacent stope and the floor pillar of diagonal stope.

关 键 词：开挖卸荷 空场采矿法 矿柱 损伤 声发射 

分 类 号：TD861.1[矿业工程—金属矿开采]